Dose effects of New Zealand blackcurrant on substrate oxidation and physiological responses during prolonged cycling

Cook, Matthew D.; Myers, Stephen D.; Gault, Mandy L.; Edwards, Victoria C.; Willems, Mark E. T.

doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3607-z

Cited by 34 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We now report for the first time that intake of NZBC extract for 7 days increased whole-body fat oxidation during prolonged moderate-intensity cycling in endurance-trained females. Moreover, fat oxidation was 27% higher with NZBC intake compared to the placebo condition, which is higher than the ~ 21.5% increase in fat oxidation reported by Cook et al ( 2017 ) using the same exercise protocol and NZBC extract dose (600 mg day −1 , containing 210 mg anthocyanins). Although a direct comparison between males and females in the same study is yet to be made, our data suggest that short-term intake of NZBC extract is at least as potent for increasing whole-body fat oxidation during exercise in females as previously observed in males.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Evidence for nutritional supplements to increase fat oxidation during exercise is predominantly derived from studies conducted in males, and therefore, the effects of these supplements in females is largely unknown. Recently, it has been reported in two studies that NZBC intake for 7 days augmented whole-body fat oxidation during cycling at 65% VO 2max in endurance-trained males (Cook et al 2015 , 2017 ), but whether a similar effect is apparent in females has not been investigated. We now report for the first time that intake of NZBC extract for 7 days increased whole-body fat oxidation during prolonged moderate-intensity cycling in endurance-trained females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a randomised, double-blind, crossover design, participant’s then ingested 2 capsules (600 mg) of concentrated NZBC extract or a visually identical placebo for 7 days. This dose has previously been shown to lead to a ~ 22% increase in fat oxidation during 120 min of cycling at 65% VO 2max in endurance-trained males (Cook et al 2017 ). Each 300 mg NZBC capsule contained 105 mg of anthocyanins, consisting of 35–50% delphinidin-3-rutinoside, 5–20% delphinidin-3-glucoside, 30–45% cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and 3–10% cyanidin-3-glucoside (CurraNZ ™ , Health Currancy Ltd, Surrey, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Specifically, 7 days of NZBC intake (~ 105 mg anthocyanins per day) improved intermittent running (Perkins et al 2015 ) and 16.1 km cycling time trial performance (Cook et al 2015 ), and fat oxidation during 10 min cycling at ~ 65% VO 2max was 27% higher compared to placebo (Cook et al 2015 ). More recently, Cook et al ( 2017 ) demonstrated a dose–response effect of NZBC extract on fat oxidation during 2 h cycling at ~ 65% VO 2max , with fat oxidation being 22 and 24% greater following 7 days supplementation with 600 and 900 mg NZBC, respectively (~ 210 and ~ 315 mg anthocyanins per day). Whilst demonstrating a clear benefit of short-term NZBC intake on fat oxidation and exercise performance, these studies were only conducted in male participants with no analysis of blood measures related to metabolic function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Zealand blackcurrant extract enhances fat oxidation during prolonged cycling in endurance-trained females

2018

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PurposeNew Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract has previously been shown to increase fat oxidation during prolonged exercise, but this observation is limited to males. We examined whether NZBC intake also increases fat oxidation during prolonged exercise in females, and whether this was related to greater concentrations of circulating fatty acids.MethodsIn a randomised, crossover, double-blind design, 16 endurance-trained females (age: 28 ± 8 years, BMI: 21.3 ± 2.1 kg·m−2, VO2max: 43.7 ± 1.1 ml·kg−1·min−1) ingested 600 mg·day−1 NZBC extract (CurraNZ™) or placebo (600 mg·day−1 microcrystalline cellulose) for 7 days. On day 7, participants performed 120 min cycling at 65% VO2max, using online expired air sampling with blood samples collected at baseline and at 15 min intervals throughout exercise for analysis of glucose, NEFA and glycerol.ResultsNZBC extract increased mean fat oxidation by 27% during 120 min moderate-intensity cycling compared to placebo (P = 0.042), and mean carbohydrate oxidation tended to be lower (P = 0.063). Pre-exercise, plasma NEFA (P = 0.034) and glycerol (P = 0.051) concentrations were greater following NZBC intake, although there was no difference between conditions in the exercise-induced increase in plasma NEFA and glycerol concentrations (P > 0.05). Mean fat oxidation during exercise was moderately associated with pre-exercise plasma NEFA concentrations (r = 0.45, P = 0.016).ConclusionsIntake of NZBC extract for 7 days elevated resting concentrations of plasma NEFA and glycerol, indicative of higher lipolytic rates, and this may underpin the observed increase in fat oxidation during prolonged cycling in endurance-trained females.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Zealand blackcurrant extract enhances fat oxidation during prolonged cycling in endurance-trained females

2018

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“…Ammar et al [131] showed that pomegranate juice lowered the perception of knee extensor soreness and attenuated the acute rise in specific markers of tissue damage [e.g., creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase] 3 min after Olympic weight-lifting movements, and improved the recovery kinetics of these same markers 48 h after exercise. Blackcurrant has been studied for its effects on exercise performance [135, 136], substrate oxidation [137], and physiological measures, such as blood lactate level [135, 136, 138]. Only one study has tested the effects of BC on exercise-induced muscle damage, subjective ratings of muscle soreness, and inflammation post-exercise [133].…”

Section: Micronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected In-Season Nutritional Strategies to Enhance Recovery for Team Sport Athletes: A Practical Overview

et al. 2017

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Team sport athletes face a variety of nutritional challenges related to recovery during the competitive season. The purpose of this article is to review nutrition strategies related to muscle regeneration, glycogen restoration, fatigue, physical and immune health, and preparation for subsequent training bouts and competitions. Given the limited opportunities to recover between training bouts and games throughout the competitive season, athletes must be deliberate in their recovery strategy. Foundational components of recovery related to protein, carbohydrates, and fluid have been extensively reviewed and accepted. Micronutrients and supplements that may be efficacious for promoting recovery include vitamin D, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, creatine, collagen/vitamin C, and antioxidants. Curcumin and bromelain may also provide a recovery benefit during the competitive season but future research is warranted prior to incorporating supplemental dosages into the athlete’s diet. Air travel poses nutritional challenges related to nutrient timing and quality. Incorporating strategies to consume efficacious micronutrients and ingredients is necessary to support athlete recovery in season.

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High‐dose administration of purified cyanidin‐3‐glucose or a blackberry extract causes improved mitochondrial function but reduced content in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes

et al. 2022

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Berry consumption shows antiobesity and antidiabetic effects in animals and humans.Anthocyanin or berry extracts increase insulin sensitivity, reduce lipid droplet formation, and cause a white-to-brite phenotypic switch of adipocytes in vitro. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) or blackberry extract (BBE) on cellular respiration of a fatty acid substrate in differentiated adipocytes. In separate experiments, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0, 150 nM, or 50 μM purified C3G -or-0, 150 nM, 25 μM, or 50 μM C3G-equivalents from a BBE. Baseline, state-4, state-3, and uncoupled respiration states were created experimentally and measured by high-resolution respirometry. Respiration rate within each state was corrected for mitochondrial content determined by PCR. Mitochondrial content was significantly reduced with high-dose C3G and the two high-dose BBE. The high-dose C3G caused a significant increase in respiration rate for baseline, state-4, state-3, and uncoupled states compared to control and physiologic dose C3G. The intermediate-high dose (25 μM) BBE also significantly increased respiration rate for the same states compared to control and other treatment levels of BBE; this effect was not observed at the high-dose (50 μM) BBE. Administration of high-dose purified C3G or BBE decreased mitochondrial content but enhanced cellular respiration on a fatty acid substrate in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes across several mitochondrial states. We did not observe a phenotypic switch to brite adipocytes like others, but our empirical findings in cellular respiration on a fatty acid substrate support the antiobesity effects associated with anthocyanins and berries.

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Dose effects of New Zealand blackcurrant on substrate oxidation and physiological responses during prolonged cycling

Abstract: Seven-day intake of New Zealand blackcurrant extract demonstrated a dose-dependent effect on increasing fat oxidation during 120-min cycling at 65% [Formula: see text] in endurance-trained male cyclists.

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

New Zealand blackcurrant extract enhances fat oxidation during prolonged cycling in endurance-trained females

New Zealand blackcurrant extract enhances fat oxidation during prolonged cycling in endurance-trained females

Selected In-Season Nutritional Strategies to Enhance Recovery for Team Sport Athletes: A Practical Overview

High‐dose administration of purified cyanidin‐3‐glucose or a blackberry extract causes improved mitochondrial function but reduced content in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes

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