“…However, it lacks the resolution to properly identify some viral strains. On the contrary, molecular probes based on nucleic acids, such as dot-blot, tissue print, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) or isothermal PCR, can be generated at low cost and have the required flexibility to deal with the distinction of viral sequence variants that do not rely on amino-acid changes [14]- [17]. Multiplexing and high-throughput techniques have been also applied to virus detection, such as microarrays, but some limitations persist related to cross-hybridization and the lack of capabilities to discover uncharacterized viruses.…”