Dot immunobinding assay for the detection of bluetongue virus antibodies in sheep experimentally inoculated with bluetongue virus type 1

Chander, Suresh; Prasad, Gaya; Jain, N C

doi:10.1016/0378-1135(91)90083-r

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Th e BT is tentatively diagnosed based on clinical profi le of the disease, pathological lesions along with the knowledge of the disease epidemiology including vector distribution, sus-ceptible host population etc. Various biological samples such as blood, serum, aborted fetus, placenta, infected chicken embryos, cell cultures, mononuclear cells, Culicoides vectors are used for BTV identifi cation (Chander et al, 1991;Prasad, 1994, 1995;Dadawala et al, 2012). Th e defi nitive diagnosis of BTV is done mainly by serological tests, virus isolation either in chicken embryo or cell culture, and detection of viral nucleic acid.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bluetongue: Indian perspective

Ranjan¹,

Minakshi²,

Prasad³

2015

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Bluetongue (BT) is an insect borne (Culicoides) viral disease of small ruminants in India. While seroprevalence for BT is observed mostly in domestic and wild ruminant animals, the clinical form of disease and severe mortality is observed in sheep. Since the fi rst report of BT in 1960s the country became endemic for the disease and most of the BT virus (BTV) serotypes (22 out of 27 worldwide) have been reported. Th e genome sequence analyses of these viruses revealed that both the eastern and western topotypes as well as their reassortant strains are present in India. It further revealed that some of these viruses are very close to live vaccines used in other countries. Th e severe economic concern justifi es the need to develop sensitive and reliable diagnostic tests for BT. Th e virus isolation followed by identifi cation by electron microscopy is gold standard test, but it is time consuming and not easily available in all the laboratories. Th erefore, nucleic acid-based rapid diagnostic tests such as PCR, real-time PCR etc. are used nowadays. Th e BT control program in India includes vector control as well as eff ective vaccination. Th e vector population is controlled by vector traps, synthetic pesticides and some of the herbal compounds. For eff ective vaccination, the serotypes prevalent in a particular geographical area must be known, which can be achieved by continuous monitoring and sero-surveillance of disease. Th e multivalent inactivated vaccines are more suitable for India in comparison to modifi ed live vaccines as the latter may turn to virulent and may lead to severe outbreak of the disease.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bluetongue: Indian perspective

Ranjan¹,

Minakshi²,

Prasad³

2015

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Bluetongue in the Indian subcontinent

et al. 2009

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Bluetongue virus infection in India : a review

Prasad¹,

Jain²,

Gupta³

1992

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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The history and epizootiology of bluetongue (BT) in India are reviewed. BT has become endemic in India. The first outbreak of BT in sheep and goats in the country was recorded in 1964 in Maharashtra State. Since then, several outbreaks of BT have been reported in sheep. Exotic sheep are more susceptible than indigenous and cross-bred sheep. A serological survey has indicated the presence of bluetongue virus (BTV) antibodies in cattle and buffalo in several states in India. However, clinical BT has not been observed in cattle or buffalo to date. Of the 24 known serotypes of BTV, 18 have been reported in India. Although BTV has been isolated from Culicoides midges, the particular species responsible for transmission has not yet been identified.

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Dot immunobinding assay for the detection of bluetongue virus antibodies in sheep experimentally inoculated with bluetongue virus type 1

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Bluetongue: Indian perspective

Bluetongue: Indian perspective

Bluetongue in the Indian subcontinent

Bluetongue virus infection in India : a review

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