Double charge carrier mechanism through 2D/2D interface-assisted ultrafast water reduction and antibiotic degradation over architectural S,P co-doped g-C₃N₄/ZnCr LDH photocatalyst

Abstract

S,P co-doped g-C3N4/ZnCr LDH 2D/2D heterostructure for photocatalytic ciprofloxacin degradation and H2 evolution under the visible light irradiation.

Engineering an oxygen-vacancy-mediated step-scheme charge carrier dynamic coupling WO3−X/ZnFe2O4 heterojunction for robust photo-Fenton-driven levofloxacin detoxification

“…9b). 48 There are two types of OH radicals in the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process, i.e., free and surface-attached OH radicals. Of these radicals, the free one was detected through fluorescent signals of 2-OH terephthalic acid (TA), which results from the oxidation of TA by OH radicals.…”

ZnFe2O4@WO3–X/Polypyrrole: An Efficient Ternary Photocatalytic System for Energy and Environmental Application

“…To verify the above postulation, terephthalic acid (TA) was utilized as a probe molecule to corroborate the generation of • OH radicals by luminescence analysis. 48 Figure 10b displays that the PL intensity at 423 nm gradually increases as we move from solitary ZnF to the ternary system. The • OH cannot be generated on the VB of ZnF as the minimum potential requirement was −6.49 eV vs the vacuum (1.99 eV vs NHE).…”

“…The ternary hybrid exhibits the highest PL intensity, suggesting that • OH was promoted on the ternary heterojunction directly and indirectly. Similarly, the formation of • O 2 – was confirmed by UV–vis spectroscopy taking NBT as the probe agent . Because of the lower CB potential, i.e., −4.75 eV vs vacuum (+0.25 eV vs NHE), the WO 3– X was unable to generate • O 2 – radicals, as shown in Figure c.…”

g‐C3N4‐Based 2D/2D Composite Heterojunction Photocatalyst

“…Several studies have focused on the multi-function of g-C 3 N 4 -based 2D/2D heterojunction; for examples, 2D/2D g-C 3 N 4 /Bi 3 O 4 Cl composite was employed in Cr(VI) reduction as well as in RhB and TC degradation; [126] the 2D/2D g-C 3 N 4 / Bi 4 NbO 8 Cl composite was used in CO 2 reduction and TC degradation; [156] and the 2D/2D g-C 3 N 4 /ZnCr-LDH composite was utilized in H 2 production and CIP degradation. [157] However, the various photocatalytic reactions were separately tested in these works. Scholars should focus on synchronous utilization of photogenerated electrons and holes to realize several concurrent photocatalytic reactions on the same g-C 3 N 4 -based 2D/2D heterojunction.…”