Double Metal Cyanides as Efficient Solid Acid Catalysts for Synthesis of β-Amino Alcohols Under Solvent-Free Conditions

Abstract

A novel application of Fe-Zn double metal cyanide complexes as solid, acid catalysts for regioselective synthesis of b-amino alcohols under solvent-free conditions via ring-opening of epoxides with amines is reported for the first time. The conversion of epoxides to b-amino alcohols is nearly 100%. In the reaction with styrene oxide, regioselective b-amino alcohol formation is higher with aromatic than with aliphatic amines. Strong Lewis acidic Zn 2+ ions in the catalyst are probably the active sites in this reaction.Keywords Double metal cyanide (DMC) Á Solid Lewis-acid catalyst Á b-Amino alcohols Á Regioselective ring-opening of epoxides Á Single crystal X-ray structure 2 Experimental Material Preparation and CharacterizationFe-Zn double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts were prepared [18] using K 4 Fe(CN) 6 Á 3H 2 O as a source

Aminolysis of epoxides catalyzed by three-dimensional, mesoporous titanosilicates, Ti-SBA-12 and Ti-SBA-16

“…Hence, there is need to develop more efficient and reusable solid catalysts that are active at low temperatures and avoid the use of solvent. In this pursuit, we reported earlier, the application of mesoporous Ti-MCM-41 and sulfonic acid functionalized SBA-15 for the ring-opening reaction of epoxides with amines [16][17][18]. Ti-MCM-41 showed more efficient activity than the sulfonic acid functionalized SBA-15.…”

Porous Hexacyanometallate(III) Complexes as Catalysts in the Ring-Opening Copolymerization of CO2 and Propylene Oxide

“…In the field of catalysis, transition metal cyanometallates have been proven to be active in esterification [29,30], transesterification [31], hydrolysis [32], addition [33], coupling [34], oxidation [35], and ring-opening reactions [36][37][38][39][40]. Their catalytic activity is associated with the presence of so-called coordinatively unsaturated metal sites (CUMSs), analogous to those present in the active catalysts of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), on their lattice [41].…”

Role of the Outer Metal of Double Metal Cyanides on the Catalytic Efficiency in Styrene Oxidation

“…Hence, its molecular formula can be described as follows: M u [M'(CN) n ] v •xH 2 O. These materials have received great attention for their variety of interesting properties, such as photomagnetism [1,2] magnetic pole inversion [3,4], their possible technological applications in hydrogen storage [5], battery materials [6], and electro-photocatalysis [7] or catalysis [8][9][10]. Nowadays, the wide spectrum of applications that these materials can have, directs their syntheses to structures with well-defined properties for a specific use.…”