Doubts of caregivers of children with cleft lip and palate on postoperative care after cheiloplasty and palatoplasty

Abstract

Doubts of caregivers of children with cleft lip and palate on postoperative care after cheiloplasty and palatoplastyTrettene AS, Razera APR, Maximiano TO, Luiz AG, Dalben GS, Gomide MR RESUMENObjetivo: Identificar las principales dudas de los cuidadores de niños con fisura labiopalatina acerca de los cuidados posoperatorios de las cirugías de queiloplastia y palatoplastia. Método: Estudio transversal llevado a cabo en un hospital de referencia, entre los meses de septiembre a noviembro de 2012. La muestra constó de 50 individuos divididos en dos grupos, siendo 25 cuidadores de niños sometidos a la queiloplastia y 25 niños sometidos a la palatoplastia. Las dudas fueron identificadas por medio de entrevista, realizada durante la consulta de Enfermería preoperatoria y, posteriormente, fueron categorizadas por similaridad. Se utilizó el análisis estadísti-co descriptivo para la construcción de los resultados. Resultados: Se observó que, con respecto a la queiloplastia, las dudas fueron acerca de la alimentación (36%), higienización y cicatrización (24% cada), y dolor e infección (8% cada). En cuanto a la palatoplastia, las dudas estuvieron relacionadas con: la alimentación (48%), higienización (24%), dolor (16%), sangrado (8%) e infección (4%). Conclusión: Se evidenció la preocupación de los cuidadores con respecto a la alimentación y los cuidados con la herida posoperatoria. DESCRIPTORESLabio leporino Fisura del paladar Periodo postoperatorio Cuidadores Enfermería pediátrica RESUMOObjetivo: Identificar as principais dúvidas dos cuidadores de crianças com fissura labiopalatina sobre os cuidados pós-operatórios das cirurgias de queiloplastia e palatoplastia. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em um hospital de referência, entre os meses de setembro a novembro de 2012. A amostra constou de 50 indiví-duos divididos em dois grupos, sendo 25 cuidadores de crianças submetidas à queiloplastia e 25 crianças submetidas à palatoplastia. As dúvidas foram identificadas por meio de entrevista, realizada durante a consulta de Enfermagem pré-operatória, e, posteriormente, foram categorizadas por similaridade. Utilizou-se a análise estatística descritiva para construção dos resultados. Resultados: Observou-se que, em relação à queiloplastia, as dúvidas foram sobre alimentação (36%), higienização e cicatrização (24% cada), e dor e infecção (8% cada). Quanto à palatoplastia, as dúvi-das se relacionaram à: alimentação (48%), higienização (24%), dor (16%), sangramento (8%) e infecção (4%). Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a preocupação dos cuidadores em relação à alimentação e aos cuidados com a ferida pós-operatória. DESCRITORESFenda labial Fissura palatina Período pós-operatório Cuidadores Enfermagem pediátrica ABSTRACTObjective: to identify the main doubts of caregivers of children with cleft lip and palate on postoperative care after cheiloplasty and palatoplasty. Method: crosssectional study carried out in a reference hospital, between September and November 2012. The sample was composed of 50 individuals divided in two groups, of which...

Vídeo educativo: estratégia de treinamento para cuidadores de crianças com fissura labiopalatina

“…Education level is related to the learning capacity required for the acquisition of skills related to postoperative care and access to information, as well as to their quality. (4) As to the socioeconomic classification, there was a predominance of the lower class, corroborating the literature. (4,17,18) With regard to the child's gender, there was a predominance of females.…”

“…(8,15,16) Based on caregivers' characterization data, there was a predominance of mothers, corroborating other investigations. (4,17,18) The presence of the mother during hospitalization has been associated with less stress for the child. In addition, the mother, the main caretaker, receives training on the care, ensuring its continuity after hospital discharge.…”

“…In addition, the mother, the main caretaker, receives training on the care, ensuring its continuity after hospital discharge. (4,17,19) Regarding the age of caregivers, the mean age was 28 years, which means young age. In the context of learning that is necessary to postoperative care, young people have greater willingness to learn.…”

“…There is a consensus that children with cleft lip and palate whose families are structured show better results regarding the rehabilitation process, considering that the care and responsibilities are divided between the parents. (4,17) Regarding caregivers' education, there was a predominance of high school level. Education level is related to the learning capacity required for the acquisition of skills related to postoperative care and access to information, as well as to their quality.…”

“…(3) In the postoperative period, parents are guided about care by the nursing staff, according to the surgery performed, including: observation of the general state; control of bleeding, swelling, bruising and scarring; immobilization of the humeroradial joint; cleaning of the surgical wound; provision of a liquid diet, and mouthwashes with antiseptics. (4) Parents' or caregivers' awareness about the importance of this care has a positive impact on the rehabilitation process. (5)(6)(7) Thus, the educational role of nurses should be emphasized through the promotion of clarification and proper communication, with the need to meet the demands of information from parents or guardians about the surgical procedures, to facilitate adaptation to clinical situations, attenuate anxiety when facing painful procedures, promote self-care, change risky habits, or promote adherence to short-and long-term treatments.…”