Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Abnormalities in Rats: Attenuation via Sandalwood Oil

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX) is challenged by its incremental dose-related cardiotoxicity. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of the hereby study was to investigate sandalwood essential oil (SEO) against DOX-induced cardiac toxicity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into 4 groups. Groups 1 signified the control, whereas group 2 administered 100 mg/kg/day SEO, both act as control. In group 3, DOX was given intraperitoneal in a dose of 3 mg/kg/ every other day for 2 weeks to induced cardiotoxicity. While group 4 received a combination of SEO and DOX for 2 weeks. DOX prompted variations were assessed by measuring cardiac injury biomarkers, including creatine phosphokinase, cardiac troponin T, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), electrocardiogram (ECG) fluctuations, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) indices. The effect of both DOX and SEO on various antioxidants such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase and inflammatory mediators including interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and NF-κB was quantified. <b><i>Results:</i></b> DOX augmented cardiac injury biomarkers, altered ECG, deceased HR and antioxidants, and finally increased BP indices. Treatment with SEO significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) decreased cardiac biomarkers and reversing ECG changes and BP. Moreover, treatment with SEO enhanced HR anomalies and antioxidant activity reduction and precluded the intensive inflammatory response induced by DOX. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> SEO may have the potential of mitigating cardiac rhythm and BP indices changes induced with DOX. SEO modifications may be due to antioxidant capacity improvement and inflammatory response prohibition of the heart muscle.

Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats and the Ameliorative Effects of Achillea Fragrantissima Crude Extract, Its Combined Ethyl Acetate/n. Butanol Fraction, and Vitamin E

“…The results of current study regarding oxidative stress and apoptosis pathways were in accordance with similar studies that used the same studied dose of DOX (34,35,37,39). Moreover, our findings were also in line with previous studies of different models of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (1,6,36,(60)(61)(62)(63).…”

Is Flaxseed Equivalent and/or Synergistic With Ace Inhibition in the Prevention of Chemotherapy Induced Cardiotoxicity?

“…The effectiveness of sandalwood oil at suppressing inflammation was shown by the attenuation of several pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κβ. 149 This study has served to corroborate prior studies performed by our lab whereby elevations in inflammatory biomarkers is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of DOX+TRZ-mediated cardiotoxicity. Specifically, our lab has shown that several markers of inflammation including NF-κβ, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 are elevated in a chronic 6-week study of DOX+TRZ-mediated cardiotoxicity in a female murine model.…”

“…16,66,77,78,102,141 In a recent preclinical study, Younis et al (2020) investigated the cardioprotective capabilities of sandalwood oil in ameliorating DOX-induced cardiac abnormalities in rats. 149 In their rat model of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, supplementation with sandalwood oil effectively abated the robust inflammatory response induced by DOX. The effectiveness of sandalwood oil at suppressing inflammation was shown by the attenuation of several pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κβ.…”

Cardioprotective effects of alpha‐mangostin on doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity in rats

“…In addition, a significant decrease in HR was observed in rats treated with doxorubicin (Aygün & Gul, 2019; Razmaraii et al, 2016). Moreover, DOX (3 mg/kg every 48 hr for 2 weeks, intraperitoneally) enhanced QRS duration and extended QTI and STI but decreased RRI (Younis, 2020). Co‐treatment of A‐MG and DOX could improve these alterations by increasing HR and shortening RRI, QTI, and STI.…”