DPP-4 inhibitors may improve the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019: A meta-analysis

Yang, Yan; Cai, Zhongxiang; Zhang, Jingjing

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251916

Cited by 48 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“… 47 Therefore, continued administration of DPP4 inhibitors, commonly used in people with diabetes, has been discussed in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. 48 , 49 Although a retrospective analysis showed that DPP4 inhibitors can improve mortality in patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes, 50 an open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomised clinical trial in three Israeli hospitals found no differences in the time to clinical improvement between hospitalised patients with diabetes and COVID-19 who received linagliptin and a control group receiving standard of care. 51 …”

Section: Sex Differences In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in COVID-19: potential clinical and public health implications

Bechmann

Barthel

Schedl

et al. 2022

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

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Current evidence suggests that severity and mortality of COVID-19 is higher in men than in women, whereas women might be at increased risk of COVID-19 reinfection and development of long COVID. Differences between sexes have been observed in other infectious diseases and in the response to vaccines. Sex-specific expression patterns of proteins mediating virus binding and entry, and divergent reactions of the immune and endocrine system, in particular the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, in response to acute stress might explain the higher severity of COVID-19 in men. In this Personal View, we discuss how sex hormones, comorbidities, and the sex chromosome complement influence these mechanisms in the context of COVID-19. Due to its role in the severity and progression of SARS-CoV-2 infections, we argue that sexual dimorphism has potential implications for disease treatment, public health measures, and follow-up of patients predisposed to the development of long COVID. We suggest that sex differences could be considered in future pandemic surveillance and treatment of patients with COVID-19 to help to achieve better disease stratification and improved outcomes.

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Section: Sex Differences In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in COVID-19: potential clinical and public health implications

Bechmann

Barthel

Schedl

et al. 2022

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

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“…Taken together, these findings indicate that GLP-1 could be a novel therapeutic method for the treatment of PH. Recently, a meta-analysis showed that DPP4 inhibitors may improve mortality in COVID-19 disease [ 62 ]. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is known to involve not only viral infection of tracheal and alveolar epithelial cells but also pulmonary ECs.…”

Section: Inflammation-mediated Endomtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging roles of inflammation-mediated endothelial–mesenchymal transition in health and disease

Yoshimatsu

Watabe

2022

Inflamm Regener

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Endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), a cellular differentiation process in which endothelial cells (ECs) lose their properties and differentiate into mesenchymal cells, has been observed not only during development but also in various pathological states in adults, including cancer progression and organ/tissue fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), an inflammation-related cytokine, has been shown to play central roles in the induction of EndoMT. TGF-β induces EndoMT by regulating the expression of various transcription factors, signaling molecules, and cellular components that confer ECs with mesenchymal characteristics. However, TGF-β by itself is not necessarily sufficient to induce EndoMT to promote the progression of EndoMT-related diseases to a refractory extent. In addition to TGF-β, additional activation by other inflammatory factors is often required to stabilize the progression of EndoMT. Since recent lines of evidence indicate that inflammatory signaling molecules act as enhancers of EndoMT, we summarize the roles of inflammatory factors in the induction of EndoMT and related diseases. We hope that this review will help to develop therapeutic strategies for EndoMT-related diseases by targeting inflammation-mediated EndoMT.

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“…Although decreased mortality and respiratory complications were also found among similar studies, Patoulias et al and Yang et al showed no significant results possibly due to small sample size [28][29][30][31][32][33] . Study that were conducted by Patoulias et al also showed a difference between J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f inpatient and outpatient settings in which inpatient setting is associated with significant effect of reduced mortality (RR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.71; I2=0%; P=0.0001) while the latter showed no significant effect (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.66; I2=81%; P=0.50) 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor was associated with mortality reduction in COVID-19 — A systematic review and meta-analysis

Zein

Raffaello

2022

Primary Care Diabetes

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Introduction This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the latest evidence on the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor in patients with COVID-19. Methods We performed a systematic literature search from the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov up until 15 July 2021. Studies that met the following criteria were included: prospective or retrospective observational studies or case series or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting DPP-IV inhibitor use in patients with COVID-19 and mortality. The intervention group was patients receiving DPP-IV inhibitor. The control group was patients that did not receive DPP-IV inhibitor. The outcome was mortality reported as odds ratio (OR). Results There were 11 studies consisting of 5,950 patients in this meta-analysis. DPP-IV inhibitor use was associated with reduced mortality (OR 0.75 [0.56, 0.99], p = 0.043, I 2 : 42.9, p = 0.064) compared to those that did not receive DPP-IV inhibitor. Sensitivity analysis using the fixed-effect model (OR 0.75 [0.63, 0.88], p < 0.001, I 2 : 42.9, p = 0.064) also showed mortality benefit. The association between DPP-IV inhibitor and mortality was not significantly affected by age (p = 0.540), sex (p = 0.054), hypertension (p = 0.320), location (continent; p = 0.532), and retrospective/prospective nature of the study (p = 0.840). However, the association was affected by metformin (OR 1.03 [95% CI 1.01, 1.06], p = 0.010) and ACEI/ARB use (OR 1.06 [95% CI 1.02, 1.10], p = 0.004). Conclusion This meta-analysis showed that DPP-IV inhibitor was associated with reduced mortality in patients with COVID-19.

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DPP-4 inhibitors may improve the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019: A meta-analysis

Cited by 48 publications

References 35 publications

Sexual dimorphism in COVID-19: potential clinical and public health implications

Sexual dimorphism in COVID-19: potential clinical and public health implications

Emerging roles of inflammation-mediated endothelial–mesenchymal transition in health and disease

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor was associated with mortality reduction in COVID-19 — A systematic review and meta-analysis

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