DPPH free‐radical scavenging ability, total phenolic content, and chemical composition analysis of forty‐five kinds of essential oils

Abstract

A long-term usage investigation of a scalp lotion containing Eucalyptus extract, which increases the amount of ceramide in the skin, was carried out to explore the change in physical properties of the hair fiber. Half-head or whole-head usage studies of a scalp lotion with Eucalyptus extract were carried out for the following groups: Japanese female, Japanese senior female, Japanese male, and Caucasian female panelists. As a result, the improvement in hair luster and bounce in the root part of the hair were recognized by the panelists after the long-term application of the scalp lotion with Eucalyptus extract. Measurement of hair gloss intensity and bending stress at the root suggests that this improvement is based on changes in these physical properties. These results indicate that the recognition of panelists is based on an actual change in the hair fiber properties. The efficacy of Eucalyptus extract is expressed regardless of race, age, or gender, since similar results were confirmed in all panelist groups.In order to investigate the cause of these phenomena, we measured the elasticity (Young's modulus) of the new-growth part of the cortex in Eucalyptus extract-treated hair and placebo hair by the nano-indentation method of atomic force microscopy (AFM). These results suggest that the Young's modulus of the new-growth part of the cortex in Eucalyptus extract treated-hair increases in comparison with placebo hair. The IR spectra of treated samples of hair show changes that appear to confirm a decrease in the alpha-helix structure and an increase in the betasheet structure.A novel approach is taken to understand the mechanical performance of fixative-treated hair tresses. Polymer composite principles are applied to explain the performance. Examples are given for polyacrylate-2 cross-polymer that show that the choice of neutralizer affects the film properties of anionic acrylic polymers by plasticization or by hardening through ionic (physical) crosslinking. The effect of these changes in the polymer film on the composite properties was determined by mechanical stiffness and high-humidity curl retention testing. It is shown that both adhesion to the hair and polymer cohesion are important in determining fixative polymer performance. The implications of the results for the formulation of fixative systems are discussed.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Thyme and Clove Essential Oils and Application in Minced Beef

“…(), Wang et al . () and Gülçin et al . () also demonstrated that clove bud EO had high phenolic content compared with other EOs like thyme EOs (Gülçin et al .…”

A review on pharmacological activities of Cinnamomum cassia Blume

“…[7] It was also found that one-half millilitre of cinnamon leaf has free radical scavenging ability with an EC50 of 53 µ/ml and has a total phenolic content of 420 mg/g as the major chemical composition. [8] Hepatoprotective Activity The extract of C. cassia has been reported to have better hepatoprotective activity against alcohol and carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic injury. Its hepatoprotective property may be due to its free radical scavenging activity.…”

Anti‐inflammatory and anti‐insulin resistance activities of aqueous extract from Anoectochilus burmannicus

“…DPPH radical scavenging activity was evaluated using the following method from a previous study (Wang, Wang, & Yih, 2008). Twenty microliters of ABE solution were mixed with 180 μL of diphenylp-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) in ethanol and 20 μL of different concentrations of sample and then incubated for 20 min at room temperature with light protection.…”