DPSC colonization of functionalized 3D textiles

Abstract

Fiber scaffolds are attractive materials for mimicking, within a 3D in vitro system, any living environment in which animal cells can adhere and proliferate. In three dimensions, cells have the ability to communicate and organize into complex architectures similar to those found in their natural environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in terms of cell reactivity, a new in vitro cell model: dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in a 3D polymeric textile. Scaffolds were knitted from polyglycolic acid (PGA) or polydioxanone (PDO) fibers differing in surface roughness. To promote cell adhesion, these hydrophobic fabrics were also functionalized with either chitosan or the peptide arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD). Cell behavior was examined 1, 10, and 21 days post-seeding with a LIVE/DEAD Kit. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) highlighted the biocompatibility of these materials (cell survival rate: 94% to 100%). Fiber roughness was found to influence cell adhesion and viability significantly and favorably. A clear benefit of polymeric textile functionalization with chitosan or RGD was demonstrated in terms of cell adhesion and viability. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 785-794, 2017.

Evaluation of the Osteoblast Behavior to PGA Textile Functionalized with RGD as a Scaffold for Bone Regeneration

“…In our previous studies, DPSCs were used and had a cell survival rate ranging from 94% to 100%. The parameters that probably play important roles in these textiles, such as surface roughness, 3D structure, and high interconnectivity, permit osteoblasts to migrate through the pores of the textiles and increase the surface available for protein adsorption, leading to cell attachment to the fibrous surface topographies of the PGA textile [19].…”

“…The RGD (R: arginine; G: glycine; D: aspartic acid, A8052 Sigma-Aldrich) was physically absorbed by the textiles by incubating them in a solution of RGD (1 mg/mL) plus 0.1 M PBS (phosphate saline buffer) for 6 h at 4 ∘ C. Next, the textiles were washed with PBS and dried for 1 h under sterile conditions. The CT and XPS analyses were conducted to analyze the porosity and surface properties of the fabrics, respectively [19].…”

“…Conventional polystyrene 24-well culture plates were used as a control. The medium was changed twice per week [19].…”

“…The textiles were functionalized with the RGD (R: arginine; G: glycine; D: aspartic acid) peptide, which is thought to be the principal peptide responsible for cell adhesion [19]. Because synthetic polymers do not have bioactive groups on their surfaces, they do not promote cellular adhesion and require surface functionalization [20].…”

“…Because synthetic polymers do not have bioactive groups on their surfaces, they do not promote cellular adhesion and require surface functionalization [20]. The 3D polymeric textile has been shown to support cell viability; however, it is necessary to perform studies with cell lineages specific to the tissue that needs to be regenerated [19].…”