Dracorhodin: A potential marker compound for detecting the presence of dragon’s blood resin from Daemonorops originated from Indonesia

Abstract

Waluyo TK, Wibowo S. 2018. Dracorhodin: A potential marker compound for detecting the presence of dragon’s blood resin from Daemonorops originated from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1665-1671. Dragon's blood typifies as red-colored resin, which is presented by several plant genus, i.e., Dracaena, Daemonorops, Croton, and Pterocarpus. In Indonesia, dragon's blood is originated from Daemonorops which grows scattered in Sumatera and Kalimantan islands. Relevantly, this study was conducted to identify the specific compounds of dragon's blood originated from Indonesia's Daemonorops. Dragon's blood test samples were originated from 16 different towns in Indonesia, which are known as the center of dragon's blood-production. The samples were in powder and solid formation. The compounds of samples were analyzed using GC-MS instrument. Results revealed that dragon's blood in powder and solid formation were inherently similar. Dragon's blood powder was obtained from wet extraction, while dragon's blood solid from dry extraction. Results of chemical analysis on 16 dragon's blood samples disclosed that three compounds were frequently detected associated with dragon's blood presence. Dracorhodin compound was detected in 16 dragon's blood samples i.e 3,4-dihydro-5-methoxy-6-methyl-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol in 13 samples; and trendione in 9 samples. Accordingly, dracorhodin could serve as the most compound containing in dragon's blood originated from Indonesia's Daemonorops, which could be observed from 16 tested Daemonorops dragon's blood samples from several regions (towns) in Indonesia.

Ektraksi getah jernang (Daemonorops draco) sistem basah dengan dua tahapan proses: perbedaan rendemen dan mutu [Extraction of dragon’s blood (Daemonorops draco) wet system by two-step process: effect of yield and quality]

“…Namun perolehan rendemen tersebut masih hitungan kotor dan bisa berkurang lagi jika tingkat kemurniaannya ditingkatkan karena getah jernang yang diperoleh tersebut masih terdapat kotoran dari kulit buah dan kotoran lainnya yang tercampur ketika dilakukan proses ekstraksi. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Waluyo & Wibowo (2018) menggunakan buah rotan jernang asal Jambi dengan teknik kering juga memperoleh rendemen yang sama yaitu antara 6,41-7,42%. Perolehan rendemen getah jernang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah pengaruh umur buah jernang dimana umur ideal untuk dipanen antar 8-9 bulan.…”

“…Getah jernang adalah resin berwarna merah yang mengandung senyawa dracohodin dalam jumlah tertentu dan berpengaruh langsung terhadap warna getah jernang. Umumnya resin getah jernang didominasi oleh warna merah mulai dari merah tua hingga merah pudar tergantung dari kadar resin yang terkandung di dalam produk tersebut (Waluyo & Wibowo, 2018;; Mulyati, Fitriani, Sara, Pulungan, & Fathanah, 2017). Proses tahap II menggunakan ampas buah jernang dari proses tahap I yang sebagian resinnya sudah diekstrak sehingga warna resin jernang tahap II semakin memudar.…”

“…Dibandingkan dengan produk getah jernang dari hasil penelitian Waluyo & Wibowo (2018), warna getah jernang mendekati warna getah jernang dari proses tahap I yang didominasi dengan warna merah gelap, meskipun ada sedikit perbedaan warna, hal ini terjadi karena perbedaan proses ekstraksinya dimana penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Waluyo & Wibowo (2018)…”

Intermittent drying of dragon blood’s resin

“…It is a natural, bright redcoloured resin obtained from the extraction of the fruit skins of several rattan species such as Daemonorops sp ( Arecaceae), Dracaena (Dracaenaceae), Croton (Euphorbiaceae) and Pterocarpus (Fabaceae) [1,2,3]. The resin has various uses, from dyes, varnish to traditional medicine [2,3,4,5].…”

“…Dragon blood resin, particularly from the Daemonorops genus, contains dracorhodin as its major constituent [4,5]. This particular compound is the derivative from antocyanin flavonoid and the cause of red color of the resin.…”