Drinking by nephrectomized rats injected with various substances

Fitzsimons, J. T.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1961.sp006647

Cited by 126 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These results do not support the earlier work of Linazasoro, Diaz, & Mendoza (1954) but tend to confirm the work of Fitzsimons (1961). A more systematic analysis of blood sodium, potassium, osmolality.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…Linazasoro, Diaz, & Mendoza (1954) reported a reduction in ad lib water drinking in nephrectomized rats which they attributed to a lack in the "sensation of thirst." Fitzsimons (1961) did not find a lack in the "sensation of thirst" and nephrectomized rats drank more water than normal animals following intravenous injections of hypertonic solutions. Because of the particular experimental procedures which Fitzsimons (1961) employed it is difficult to compare the ad lib drinking in nephrectomized animals with normal rats.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Fitzsimons (1961) did not find a lack in the "sensation of thirst" and nephrectomized rats drank more water than normal animals following intravenous injections of hypertonic solutions. Because of the particular experimental procedures which Fitzsimons (1961) employed it is difficult to compare the ad lib drinking in nephrectomized animals with normal rats. OUr own preliminary results indicated that water drinking in nephrectomized rats was variable unless animals were deprived of food prior to and following the nephrectomy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Renal regulation begins very rapidly: and, as the rat is a slow drinker, the relationship between water intake, blood tonicity, and blood volume is complicated by the loss of electrolytes in the continuous formation of urine. Fitzsimons (1961) therefore eliminated this complicating factor in his experiments on drinking by studying nephrectomized rats.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A comparison of drinking in the normal and nephrectomized hooded rat

Wayner

Bürger

1966

Psychon Sci

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

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confidence: 73%

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confidence: 73%

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confidence: 99%

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A comparison of drinking in the normal and nephrectomized hooded rat

Wayner

Bürger

1966

Psychon Sci

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“…Osmotically effective substances were therefore diluted to isotonicity by the water drunk: in this respect the iguana is comparable to the nephrectomized rat (Fitzsimons, 1961). The haematocrits and plasma [Na] levels indicated that equilibration was complete within 15 min of giving hypertonic saline.…”

Section: Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communications

1974

The Journal of Physiology

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When muscles shorten they produce heat faster than during isometric contraction. This extra heat production is the shortening heat (Hill, 1938). In a series of closely spaced tetanic contractions of frog sartorius muscle at O0 C, the shortening heat is less in the second and subsequent contractions than in the first. Fig. 1 A shows records of the heat rate during the first and second contractions of a series at 5 sec intervals. Fig. 1B shows how the average value of the shortening heat falls during such series, to 66 + 4 % (mean+ s.E.) of the initial value by the third contraction. By the 10th contraction the shortening heat was found to be only 15 + 18 % of the initial value (3 observations). The reduction in the shortening heat is less when the interval between the tetani is greater, and is hardly evident when this interval is 40 sec.The reduction in shortening heat might be due to previous activation, metabolic activity, or shortening. If either activation or metabolic activity were the cause, an isometric contraction should also reduce the shortening heat in subsequent contractions. The results in Fig. 1B show that this is not the case; thus it can be concluded that the reduction in shortening heat is a specific consequence of previous shortening.The isometric tension developed falls during a series of contractions but the tension exerted during shortening at speeds of 10, 20 and 30 mm/sec 98P

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Thirst and Water‐Salt Appetite

Rowland

2002

Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology

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In this chapter, the current theoretical concepts and known physiological mechanisms for mammalian fluid homeostasis are reviewed. Fluid loss from the intracellular fluid compartment is sensed by osmoreceptors, which are located peripherally in structures such as the liver as well as in the brain, and underlie osmotic or intracellular thirst and water intake. Fluid loss from the extracellular fluid compartment is sensed by pressure‐sensitive cardiopulmonary receptors, and underlies hypovolemic or extracellular thirst and water intake. The peptide hormone, angiotensin II, released during hypovolemia may contribute to extracellular thirst. Both types of dehydration produce vasopressin secretion; its primary role is to minimize further fluid loss from the kidney and it does not seem to contribute to thirst. Brain structures of the forebrain lamina terminalis are critically involved in transduction and integration of this neurosensory and hormonal information to engage drinking behavior, for example naturally‐occurring thirst such as after deprivation or during meals. Aspects of thirst during ontogeny and aging, as well as genetic and individual differences in thirst are discussed briefly. Extracellular dehydration involves loss of sodium as well as water, and so both preference and appetite for sodium, and the roles of the hormones aldosterone and angiotensin II are reviewed. Several problem areas in which our knowledge is less complete are also identified.

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Drinking by nephrectomized rats injected with various substances

Cited by 126 publications

References 17 publications

A comparison of drinking in the normal and nephrectomized hooded rat

A comparison of drinking in the normal and nephrectomized hooded rat

Communications

Thirst and Water‐Salt Appetite

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