“…A number of studies show that the effects of gamification vary significantly among participating learners (Barata et al, 2017;Fitz-Walter, Johnson, Wyeth, Tjondronegoro, & Scott-Parker, 2017;Lister, West, Cannon, Sax, & Brodegard, 2014;Rothrock & Freivalds, 2018). Although several researchers (Hamari, Huotari, & Tolvanen, 2015;Huotari & Hamari, 2017;Nicholson, 2015;Rigby, 2014) have suggested that various contextual factors may modify gamification's impact, little has been explored yet with regard to how other factors, such as the activity importance, level of effort, learner self-efficacy, selfesteem, etc.…”