“…Institutions subsume regulative, normative, and cultural‐cognitive conditions that determine organizations' behavior (Scott, , ), whereas regulative conditions are considered as formal institutions, and normative and cultural‐cognitive conditions as informal institutions (Bell, Moore, & Filatotchev, ; Peng, Wang, & Jiang, ). Recent research indicates that institutions affect firms in terms of, for instance, their research and development (R&D) expenses (Hillier, Pindado, de Queiroz, & de la Torre, ), compensation contracts of their executives (Hüttenbrink, Oehmichen, Rapp, & Wolff, ; van Essen, Heugens, Otten, & van Oosterhout, 2012), the effectiveness of value‐based management (Firk, Schrapp, & Wolff, ), and the strategic influence of their board of directors (Heyden, Oehmichen, Nichting, & Volberda, ; Oehmichen, Schrapp, & Wolff, ). Institutions are especially relevant to decision making in MNEs that must deal with the differing institutions of host countries (Hoskisson, Eden, Lau, & Wright, ; Meyer & Peng, ).…”