Drivers' Perception of Pedestrians' Rights and Walking Environments

Sarkar, Sheila; Andreas, Marie

doi:10.3141/1878-10

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that drivers and pedestrians have limited knowledge of pedestrian right-of-way laws (5)(6)(7)(8). The research presented in this paper expands on these studies by considering driver and pedestrian knowledge of laws specifically related to marked and…”

Section: More Evidence Why Pedestrian and Driver Knowledge Of The Vehicle Code Should Not Be Assumedmentioning

confidence: 89%

Crosswalk Confusion

Mitman

Ragland

2007

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Traffic safety researchers have long argued that driver behavior outweighs physical elements (such as road design) as a causal factor in motor vehicle collisions. A fundamental causal component of pedestrian-vehicle collisions is also behavior: that of the driver and that of the pedestrian. One determinant of this behavior may be whether the driver, the pedestrian, or both understand the motor vehicle code, which demarcates the right-of-way in pedestrian-vehicle interactions. That is, inappropriate or unlawful behavior may occur because the law is not understood or is misunderstood. Previous studies have shown that drivers and pedestrians have a limited knowledge of pedestrian right-of-way laws. This research expands on these studies by specifically considering knowledge of right-of-way laws related to marked and unmarked crosswalks. Driver and pedestrian knowledge was assessed by the use of intercept surveys and focus groups conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area in California. The results confirm that a substantial level of confusion about pedestrian right-of-way laws exists. This confusion was exacerbated by intersections that had unstriped, or unmarked, crosswalks. The implications for engineering, education, and enforcement countermeasures in light of these findings are discussed; and areas for further research are proposed.

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Section: More Evidence Why Pedestrian and Driver Knowledge Of The Vehicle Code Should Not Be Assumedmentioning

confidence: 89%

Crosswalk Confusion

Mitman

Ragland

2007

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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“…Physical characteristics of intersections were communicated by both descriptions (i.e., of speed), and images. Sarkar and Andreas (2004) used black and white photographs of drivers engaged in aggressive acts. These photographs clearly showed the vehicle, driver, and pedestrians in the vicinity of the vehicle.…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research of this nature has focused on the driver's perception of what pedestrians may find aggressive (e.g., Sarkar & Andreas, 2004) but currently there is no known study examining the pedestrian's perception of these aggressive behaviors. There is also no known study examining the effects of distraction on pedestrians from either the driver or the pedestrian perspective.…”

Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of intersection threat and driver behaviors on pedestrian perceptions of safety

Emo

Funke

Matthews

2011

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Despite the attention that walking continues to receive, the attitudes and feelings that pedestrians themselves have regarding walking have largely been ignored. To address this gap in research 268 college students participated in a study to determine pedestrian appraisals of safety at varying levels of intersection threat and different driver behaviors (safe, distracted, and aggressive behaviors). Using the framework of the theory of planned behavior and the component process model of appraisal a questionnaire instrument was designed to assess pedestrians' feelings of safety, driver threat, control, and violation of social norms at intersections. Results indicate pedestrians report less control and increased violation of social norms as speed and number of lanes increase. Pedestrians reported feeling the least safe at intersections with distracted drivers and reported them as the highest violators of social norms. Implications of the findings for pedestrian safety countermeasure design, increasing walking behaviors, and including pedestrian perceptions in assessments of an area's overall walkability are discussed.

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“…Another educational approach for enhancing child pedestrian safety is to educate drivers on safe operating behavior when pedestrians are present or expected. A recent study of California drivers found that few drivers were aware of traffic laws and etiquette relating to pedestrians, typically assuming that it was the pedestrian's responsibility to yield to the driver (81). As such, motorist education programs would appear to be a highly promising approach for enhancing pedestrian safety.…”

Section: Motorist Education Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Safety and Safe Routes to Schools

Dumbaugh

Frank

2007

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Safe Routes to Schools programs are an increasingly popular means of addressing parental concerns about traffic safety and encouraging parents to permit their children to walk and bicycle to school. While there has been a good deal of recent research examining the health and physical activity benefits associated with these programs, there has been little systematic examination of the effects these programs may have on the actual safety of child pedestrians. This paper summarizes the existing empirical evidence on the behaviors known to lead to crashes involving child pedestrians, as well as the effects that 10 safety countermeasures commonly incorporated into Safe Routes to Schools programs have on both the incidence of crashes involving child pedestrians and the behaviors known to result in such crashes. The paper finds that many safety benefits associated with these countermeasures are assumed rather than known and that there are substantial gaps in the existing knowledge about the specific safety effects of the components of Safe Routes to Schools programs. It concludes by identifying opportunity areas for future research on this important topic.

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Drivers' Perception of Pedestrians' Rights and Walking Environments

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Crosswalk Confusion

Crosswalk Confusion

The effects of intersection threat and driver behaviors on pedestrian perceptions of safety

Traffic Safety and Safe Routes to Schools

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