Driving While Interacting With Google Glass: Investigating the Combined Effect of Head-Up Display and Hands-Free Input on Driving Safety and Multitask Performance

Tippey, Kathryn G.; Sivaraj, Elayaraj; Ferris, Thomas K.

doi:10.1177/0018720817691406

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The glasses were used as an alternative to a conventional head-up display, which offers information relevant to the driving task in the driver's field of vision. Findings, however, revealed no positive effects on reaction to a critical event but a better recovery (Sawyer, Finomore, Calvo, & Hancock, 2014;Tippey, Sivaraj, & Ferris, 2017). Using GBI could be another new strategy to reduce driver distraction.…”

Section: Driver Distractionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evaluation of Gesture-Based In-Vehicle Interaction: User Experience and the Potential to Reduce Driver Distraction

Graichen

Krems

2019

Hum Factors

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Objective: We observe the effects of in-vehicle system gesture-based interaction versus touch-based interaction on driver distraction and user experience. Background: Driver distraction is a major problem for traffic safety, as it is a contributing factor to a number of accidents. Visual distraction in particular has a highly negative impact on the driver. One possibility for reducing visual driver distraction is to use new forms of interaction in the vehicle, such as gesture-based interaction. Method: In this experiment, participants drove on a motorway or in a city scenario while using touch-based interaction or gesture-based interaction. Subjective data, such as acceptance and workload, and objective data, including glance behavior, were gathered. Results: As a result, participants rated their subjective impressions of safe driving as higher when using gesture-based interaction. More specifically, acceptance and attractiveness were higher, and workload was lower. The participants performed significantly fewer glances to the display and the glances were much shorter. Conclusion: Gestures are a positive alternative for in-vehicle interaction since effects on driver distraction are less significant when compared to touch-based interaction. Application: Potential application of this research includes interaction design of typical in-vehicle information and entertainment functions.

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Section: Driver Distractionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evaluation of Gesture-Based In-Vehicle Interaction: User Experience and the Potential to Reduce Driver Distraction

Graichen

Krems

2019

Hum Factors

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“…Second, with respect to technological interventions, previous research has evaluated whether speech-based text entry methods and/or head-mounted, wearable display system can ameliorate the distraction caused by texting but it was found that drivers are still distracted relative to driving while not texting [14–16]. A smartphone application that blocks incoming messages was shown to reduce novice drivers’ sending text messages while driving, although 15% of the drivers tried to bypass the blocking system [17] (see also [18], who found that 91% of high school students were not interested in using a smartphone application that locks the phone completely while driving).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threat appeals reduce impulsive decision making associated with texting while driving: A behavioral economic approach

et al. 2019

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The primary purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of threat appeals in influencing impulsive decision making associated with texting while driving. The participants in the treatment group were exposed to a threatening message about the danger of texting while driving, whereas those in the control group were exposed to a non-threatening message. Following the exposure to either message, the participants completed a delay-discounting task that assessed the degree of impulsive decision making in a hypothetical texting-while-driving scenario. A comparison between the groups revealed that the threat appeals reduced the degree of impulsive decision making associated with texting while driving. In addition, the threat appeals led to greater anticipated regret from texting while driving, less favorable attitudes toward texting while driving, and decreased intentions to text while driving in the future in the treatment group. These results suggest that video-based threat appeals are promising intervention strategies for the public health challenge of texting while driving. Implications from the behavioral economic perspective are discussed.

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“…For AR displays, most researchers have simulated AR HUDs by presenting AR graphics directly within driving scene (with no physical AR display; Caird et al, 2008;Kim and Dey, 2009;Plavšic et al, 2009;Charissis and Papanastasiou, 2010;Medenica et al, 2011;Dijksterhuis et al, 2012;Olaverri-Monreal et al, 2012;Kim et al, 2013Kim et al, , 2016Saffarian et al, 2013;Schall et al, 2013;Wai-Tat et al, 2013;Lorenz et al, 2014;Politis et al, 2014;Sharfi and Shinar, 2014), while some installed in-house prototypes (Tonnis and Klinker, 2006;Langlois, 2013;Tran et al, 2013), aftermarket c, or head-worn displays inside driving simulators (Sawyer et al, 2014;Tippey et al, 2017). Generally speaking, from our experience, integrating graphics directly into the driving scene (via computer graphics or video) does not afford the same accommodative and/or cognitive switching (Gabbard et al, 2019) that a separate AR display does; an important component for research that wishes to faithfully examine the effects of AR HUDs on driver's visual attention.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding fidelity of driving simulation (i.e., visual stimuli, vehicle control, and motion), a wide range of driving simulator hardware has been used in empirical studies on AR applications depending upon the research questions addressed. The lowest fidelity settings are often a combination of desktop computers, monitors and game controllers (Neurauter, 2005 ; Kim and Dey, 2009 ; Weinberg et al, 2011 ; Charissis et al, 2013 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Tran et al, 2013 ; Politis et al, 2014 ; Sharfi and Shinar, 2014 ; Tippey et al, 2014 ). For example, Sharfi and Shinar ( 2014 ) prototyped an AR visibility enhancement system for nighttime driving that highlights lane markers using a desktop computer, DEXXA game controllers, and a 126 × 60 cm monitor and found that augmented road edges have positive effects on drivers' confidence and workload while reducing their ability to detect unexpected obstacles.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

AR DriveSim: An Immersive Driving Simulator for Augmented Reality Head-Up Display Research

et al. 2019

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Optical see-through automotive head-up displays (HUDs) are a form of augmented reality (AR) that is quickly gaining penetration into the consumer market. Despite increasing adoption, demand, and competition among manufacturers to deliver higher quality HUDs with increased fields of view, little work has been done to understand how best to design and assess AR HUD user interfaces, and how to quantify their effects on driver behavior, performance, and ultimately safety. This paper reports on a novel, low-cost, immersive driving simulator created using a myriad of custom hardware and software technologies specifically to examine basic and applied research questions related to AR HUDs usage when driving. We describe our experiences developing simulator hardware and software and detail a user study that examines driver performance, visual attention, and preferences using two AR navigation interfaces. Results suggest that conformal AR graphics may not be inherently better than other HUD interfaces. We include lessons learned from our simulator development experiences, results of the user study and conclude with limitations and future work.

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Driving While Interacting With Google Glass: Investigating the Combined Effect of Head-Up Display and Hands-Free Input on Driving Safety and Multitask Performance

Abstract: This study can inform designers and potential users of wearable technologies as well as policymakers tasked with regulating the use of these technologies while driving.

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Evaluation of Gesture-Based In-Vehicle Interaction: User Experience and the Potential to Reduce Driver Distraction

Evaluation of Gesture-Based In-Vehicle Interaction: User Experience and the Potential to Reduce Driver Distraction

Threat appeals reduce impulsive decision making associated with texting while driving: A behavioral economic approach

AR DriveSim: An Immersive Driving Simulator for Augmented Reality Head-Up Display Research

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