Driving with Para-Central Visual Field Loss: Pilot Study

Bronstad, Matt; Bowers, Alex R.; Albu, Amanda; Goldstein, Robert B.; Peli, Eli

doi:10.17077/drivingassessment.1393

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In a series of recent driving simulator studies, we consistently found that individuals with para-central and CFL had delayed reactions to potential hazards (pedestrians) appearing within their binocular scotoma. [9][10][11] More often than normally sighted controls, they did not respond in time to avoid a collision, if the pedestrian had continued on the same trajectory. [9][10][11] Vehicle control skills, such as keeping the vehicle within the travel lane boundaries and maintaining a safe following distance, are considered an important aspect of safe driving.…”

Section: Abstract: Age-related Macular Degeneration Driver's Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11] More often than normally sighted controls, they did not respond in time to avoid a collision, if the pedestrian had continued on the same trajectory. [9][10][11] Vehicle control skills, such as keeping the vehicle within the travel lane boundaries and maintaining a safe following distance, are considered an important aspect of safe driving. The effects of CFL on lane position and lane boundary crossings are not well established.…”

Section: Abstract: Age-related Macular Degeneration Driver's Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior simulator studies have reported that individuals with CFL tend to drive more slowly than normally sighted drivers, respond less quickly to traffic signs or changes in speed of a lead car and crash more often than normally sighted drivers (but not more often than drivers with peripheral field loss). In a series of recent driving simulator studies, we consistently found that individuals with para‐central and CFL had delayed reactions to potential hazards (pedestrians) appearing within their binocular scotoma . More often than normally sighted controls, they did not respond in time to avoid a collision, if the pedestrian had continued on the same trajectory …”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In a series of recent driving simulator studies, we consistently found that individuals with para‐central and CFL had delayed reactions to potential hazards (pedestrians) appearing within their binocular scotoma . More often than normally sighted controls, they did not respond in time to avoid a collision, if the pedestrian had continued on the same trajectory …”

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confidence: 93%

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Driving with central field loss III: vehicle control

Bronstad

Albu

Goldstein

et al. 2016

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background Visual impairment associated with central field loss (CFL) may make vehicle control more difficult due to the degraded view of the road. We evaluated how CFL affects vehicle control in a driving simulator. Procedures Nineteen participants with binocular CFL (acuity 20/30 to 20/200), and fifteen controls with normal vision (NV), drove 10 scenarios, each about 8–12 minutes. Speed, lane offset and steering wheel reversal rate were measured on straights, left and right curves, along city (~50 km/h) and rural highway (~100 km/h) routes. Following distance was measured on two city straight segments. Main Findings CFL subjects had higher steering wheel reversal rates (0.55 v 0.45 reversals per second, p = 0.015), suggesting that the steering task was more demanding for them, requiring more steering corrections. However, they did not differ in other performance measures. Nearly all maintained a safe following distance, although they were more likely than NV controls to lose sight of the lead car in scenarios that required following a car. Conclusions Most measures of vehicle control did not significantly differ between participants with CFL and those with NV. However, the higher steering wheel reversal rates suggest that, in compensating for their vision impairment, CFL drivers had to allocate extra steering effort to maintain their lane position, which could in turn reduce attentional resources for other driving tasks.

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Section: Abstract: Age-related Macular Degeneration Driver's Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Abstract: Age-related Macular Degeneration Driver's Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Driving with central field loss III: vehicle control

Bronstad

Albu

Goldstein

et al. 2016

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Driving with Central Visual Field Loss II: How Scotomas above or below the Preferred Retinal Locus (PRL) Affect Hazard Detection in a Driving Simulator

et al. 2015

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We determined whether binocular central scotomas above or below the preferred retinal locus affect detection of hazards (pedestrians) approaching from the side. Seven participants with central field loss (CFL), and seven age-and sex-matched controls with normal vision (NV), each completed two sessions of 5 test drives (each approximately 10 minutes long) in a driving simulator. Participants pressed the horn when detecting pedestrians that appeared at one of four eccentricities (-14°, -4°, left, 4°, or 14°, right, relative to car heading). Pedestrians walked or ran towards the travel lane on a collision course with the participant’s vehicle, thus remaining in the same area of the visual field, assuming participant's steady forward gaze down the travel lane. Detection rates were nearly 100% for all participants. CFL participant reaction times were longer (median 2.27s, 95% CI 2.13 to 2.47) than NVs (median 1.17s, 95%CI 1.10 to 2.13; difference p<0.01), and CFL participants would have been unable to stop for 21% of pedestrians, compared with 3% for NV, p<0.001. Although the scotomas were not expected to obscure pedestrian hazards, gaze tracking revealed that scotomas did sometimes interfere with detection; late reactions usually occurred when pedestrians were entirely or partially obscured by the scotoma (time obscured correlated with reaction times, r = 0.57, p<0.001). We previously showed that scotomas lateral to the preferred retinal locus delay reaction times to a greater extent; however, taken together, the results of our studies suggest that any binocular CFL might negatively impact timely hazard detection while driving and should be a consideration when evaluating vision for driving.

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Driving with Para-Central Visual Field Loss: Pilot Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Driving with central field loss III: vehicle control

Driving with central field loss III: vehicle control

Driving with Central Visual Field Loss II: How Scotomas above or below the Preferred Retinal Locus (PRL) Affect Hazard Detection in a Driving Simulator

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