Drought effects on the tissue- and cell-specific cytokinin activity in poplar

Paul, Shanty; Wildhagen, Henning; Janz, Dennis; Polle, Andrea

doi:10.1093/aobpla/plx067

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The differential regulation of these genes across tissues during stress and recovery in gray poplar may reflect different cell growth dynamics. Although water deficiency generally suppresses growth in aboveground poplar tissues, xylem structure and secondary cell wall formation play a central role in avoiding drought damage and are highly regulated (Paul et al, 2017;Sun et al, 2017).…”

Section: Transcription Factors Associated With Stress-related Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Systems Architecture of Molecular Memory in Poplar after Abiotic Stress

et al. 2019

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Throughout the temperate zones, plants face combined drought and heat spells in increasing frequency and intensity. Here, we compared periodic (intermittent, i.e., high-frequency) versus chronic (continuous, i.e., high-intensity) drought-heat stress scenarios in gray poplar (Populus3 canescens) plants for phenotypic and transcriptomic effects during stress and after recovery. Photosynthetic productivity after stress recovery exceeded the performance of poplar trees without stress experience. We analyzed the molecular basis of this stress-related memory phenotype and investigated gene expression responses across five major tree compartments including organs and wood tissues. For each of these tissue samples, transcriptomic changes induced by the two stress scenarios were highly similar during the stress phase but strikingly divergent after recovery. Characteristic molecular response patterns were found across tissues but involved different genes in each tissue. Only a small fraction of genes showed similar stress and recovery expression profiles across all tissues, including type 2C protein phosphatases, the LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT PROTEIN4-5 genes, and homologs of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) transcription factor HOMEOBOX7. Analysis of the predicted transcription factor regulatory networks for these genes suggested that a complex interplay of common and tissue-specific components contributes to the coordination of post-recovery responses to stress in woody plants.

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Section: Transcription Factors Associated With Stress-related Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Systems Architecture of Molecular Memory in Poplar after Abiotic Stress

et al. 2019

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“…In poplar, overexpression of the Arabidopsis CYTOKININ OXIDASE 2, an enzyme involved in cytokinin catabolism, resulted in non-detectable levels of the cytokinin trans-zeatin and its storage form zeatin-O-glucoside and lead to a reduced number of cambial cells, resulting in impaired wood formation [87]. Moreover, cytokinin activity was high in primary meristems supporting its function in early wood formation processes [88] and reduced in the cambial zone of drought stressed poplar, indicating a regulatory function of cytokinins under drought stress [89]. There is now increasing evidence that cytokinins interact with jasmonic acid.…”

Section: Phytohormones Mediate Xylem Changes Under Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Makes the Wood? Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms of Xylem Acclimation in Hardwoods to an Ever-Changing Environment

Eckert

Sharmin

Kogel

et al. 2019

Forests

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Wood, also designated as secondary xylem, is the major structure that gives trees and other woody plants stability for upright growth and maintains the water supply from the roots to all other plant tissues. Over recent decades, our understanding of the cellular processes of wood formation (xylogenesis) has substantially increased. Plants as sessile organisms face a multitude of abiotic stresses, e.g., heat, drought, salinity and limiting nutrient availability that require them to adjust their wood structure to maintain stability and water conductivity. Because of global climate change, more drastic and sudden changes in temperature and longer periods without precipitation are expected to impact tree productivity in the near future. Thus, it is essential to understand the process of wood formation in trees under stress. Many traits, such as vessel frequency and size, fiber thickness and density change in response to different environmental stimuli. Here, we provide an overview of our current understanding of how abiotic stress factors affect wood formation on the molecular level focussing on the genes that have been identified in these processes.

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“…Another interesting example for drought avoidance is leaf shedding, a common phenomenon in tropical dry forests (Wolfe et al, 2016). Leaf shedding is controlled by an intricate interplay of phytohormones, including ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin (González-Carranza et al, 1998; Chen et al, 2002a,b; Jin et al, 2015; Paul et al, 2018), which could be harnessed to improve tree drought resistance. In polyploid poplars regenerated from protoplast fusion accelerated drought-induced leaf shedding was observed that resulted in increased tree survival under extreme drought (Hennig et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Drought Resistance in Forest Trees

et al. 2019

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Climatic stresses limit plant growth and productivity. In the past decade, tree improvement programs were mainly focused on yield but it is obvious that enhanced stress resistance is also required. In this review we highlight important drought avoidance and tolerance mechanisms in forest trees. Genomes of economically important trees species with divergent resistance mechanisms can now be exploited to uncover the mechanistic basis of long-term drought adaptation at the whole plant level. Molecular tree physiology indicates that osmotic adjustment, antioxidative defense and increased water use efficiency are important targets for enhanced drought tolerance at the cellular and tissue level. Recent biotechnological approaches focused on overexpression of genes involved in stress sensing and signaling, such as the abscisic acid core pathway, and down-stream transcription factors. By this strategy, a suite of defense systems was recruited, generally enhancing drought and salt stress tolerance under laboratory conditions. However, field studies are still scarce. Under field conditions trees are exposed to combinations of stresses that vary in duration and magnitude. Variable stresses may overrule the positive effect achieved by engineering an individual defense pathway. To assess the usability of distinct modifications, large-scale experimental field studies in different environments are necessary. To optimize the balance between growth and defense, the use of stress-inducible promoters may be useful. Future improvement programs for drought resistance will benefit from a better understanding of the intricate networks that ameliorate molecular and ecological traits of forest trees.

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Drought effects on the tissue- and cell-specific cytokinin activity in poplar

Cited by 18 publications

References 68 publications

The Systems Architecture of Molecular Memory in Poplar after Abiotic Stress

The Systems Architecture of Molecular Memory in Poplar after Abiotic Stress

What Makes the Wood? Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms of Xylem Acclimation in Hardwoods to an Ever-Changing Environment

Engineering Drought Resistance in Forest Trees

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