Drug delivery strategies for management of women’s health issues in the upper genital tract

Evaluation of pharmacokinetics and safety of a long-term estradiol-releasing stent in rat uterine

“…However, orally taken estrogens are confronted with hepatic first-pass metabolism, thus oral or systemic administration could not induce satisfactory E2 concentration in situ at the injured uterine, which may reduce therapeutic effect [ 32 ]. This is in accordance with our findings: although the content of daily E2 by intragastric administration (approximately 80 μg for a rat) was larger than the loss of E2 for one day in a piece of stent (an average of 21 μg), E2 concentration in blood and the stent-implanted uterine of the stent group was much higher than the intragastric group.…”

Endometriosis, the Silent Disease: Molecular Targets, Active Principles, and Drug Delivery Systems

“…So far, different types of drug delivery systems have been explored only for hormonal drugs, with nonhormonal drugs given orally in clinical trials for endometriosis. [108,109] We wish to highlight the potential of non-oral dosage forms for endometriosis. The dosage form can affect the outcome of a clinical trial, and if we only consider orally administered drugs, we may reject efficacious drug candidates merely because they were unsuitable for oral administration.…”

“…For example, a formulation of glycolipid polymeric micelles administered intravenously showed local distribution in endometriotic lesions in a rat model of endometriosis [107] . Figure 2 gives an overview of drug delivery systems used or being investigated for endometriosis [2,108,109] . Figure 2 shows that a variety of delivery vehicles can be used to bring an active principle to the site of action.…”

“…Drug delivery systems used for the treatment of endometriosis by length of action and administration route, with examples of drugs for each. Adapted from[2,108,109] and created using Biorender.com.…”

Exosome-Mediated Therapeutic Strategies for Management of Solid and Hematological Malignancies

“…Furthermore, exosomes have a protein membrane structure that facilitates effective absorption towards the cells to which they are directed, modifying their mimetic structures or arming them with different drugs or siRNAs [ 7 ]. A further therapeutic approach for tumors can be attempted by modifying pro-tumorigenic instructions contained in the exosomes or changing their load and function to prevent the onset or spread of the tumor [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”