Drug eluting stents: To evolve or dissolve?

Bharadwaj, Prashant; Chadha, D.S.

doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2016.09.002

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Major advances have been made in the development of drug-eluting stents and balloons over the past two decades, including the development of first-generation to fourth-generation devices and the use of antiproliferative drugs, from sirolimus and paclitaxel to everolimus and biolimus [3]. Although new generation stents have improved features, they are still associated with high restenosis rates and late stent thrombosis following surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitoxantrone suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and balloon injury-induced neointima formation: An in vitro and in vivo study

Yuan

Wang

et al. 2017

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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Neointima formation, which occurs after vascular injury due to vascular disease or interventions such as angioplasty and stent placement, is a complex process that involves multiple molecular and cellular mechanisms. The inhibition of neointima formation is vital to prevent restenosis of blood vessels. In the present study, we investigated whether the systemic administration of mitoxantrone can inhibit neointima formation, and evaluated the underlying mechanisms under in vitro and in vivo experimental conditions. In vitro, rat and human vascular smooth muscle cells (RVSMCs and HVSMCs) were stimulated with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and treated with mitoxantrone or DMSO as a control. In vivo, 54 male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to carotid artery balloon injury and then intravenously administered with mitoxantrone. Cell proliferation was determined using the CCK-8 assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometry, and protein expression was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We used monoclonal mouse anti-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) antibody for the detection of BrdU and anti-Topoisomerase II antibody for staining Type II topoisomerase (Topo II), one week after the ballon injury. In both RVSMCs and HVSMCs, mitoxantrone treatment induced Topo II degradation, as well as suppressed DNA replication, cell cycle progression, and VSMC proliferation. A reduction in intimal hyperplasia, intimal-to-medial area ratio, and Topo II level was observed in mitoxantrone-treated rats, as compared to the control (saline) group. Overall, our results indicate that systemic administration of mitoxantrone can reduce neointimal hyperplasia and, thus, represents a suitable option for restenosis treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitoxantrone suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and balloon injury-induced neointima formation: An in vitro and in vivo study

Yuan

Wang

et al. 2017

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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Hydrogel Coatings for Heart Stents

Chen

Yang²,

Guo

et al. 2019

Materials Science and Technology

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Heart stents are medical devices used to keep or expand the lumen of arteries. For more than the last three decades, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)‐based stent placement was applied as a primary choice in treating coronary artery diseases (CADs). Despite the success in relieving the symptoms of narrowed or weak arteries, bare metal stent placement is inevitably associated with restenosis, leading to stent failure in a relatively short timescale. To overcome this problem, bioactive‐containing polymer layer is coated on the stents, the so‐called drug‐eluting stent (DES), had been designed and successfully used to lower the restenosis rate. The in situ delivery of the active substances and/or the surface functionalities from the coatings of stents can facilitate re‐endothelialization, anti‐platelet aggregation, anti‐inflammation, and anti‐thrombosis and reduce the potential risk of PCI procedure to the surrounding tissues. Among the various coating strategies, hydrophilic polymeric hydrogel coatings show unique advantages such as capability of loading hydrophilic bioactives and/or cells, moldable softness to cell modulus, and tight fixation to arteries after placement. Consequently, hydrogel coating for heart stents are attracting more attention. This review aims at providing a timely summary and outlook for hydrogel coatings of heart stents.

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