Drug problems and psychological distress among a community sample of adults: Predictors, consequences, or confound?

Newcomb, Michael D.; Vargas-Carmona, Jennifer; Galaif, Elisha R.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6629(199907)27:4<405::aid-jcop4>3.0.co;2-2

Cited by 55 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…However, longitudinal studies have found little support for this hypothesis (Harris and Barraclough, 1997; Van Ours et al, 2013). Alternatively, the impaired functioning theory hypothesizes that cannabis involvement causes STB (Newcomb et al, 1999). Physical, psychological, or emotional functioning is impaired by the repeated and, often, early onset, use of cannabis, resulting in a higher risk of suicidal behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between cannabis involvement and suicidal thoughts and behaviors

Delforterie¹,

Lynskey²,

Huizink³

et al. 2015

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background In the present study, we examined the relationship between cannabis involvement and suicidal ideation (SI), plan and attempt, differentiating the latter into planned and unplanned attempt, taking into account other substance involvement and psychopathology. Methods We used two community-based twin samples from the Australian Twin Registry, including 9,583 individuals (58.5% female, aged between 27 and 40). The Semi-Structured Assessment of the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA) was used to assess cannabis involvement which was categorized into: (0) no cannabis use (reference category); (1) cannabis use only; (2) 1–2 cannabis use disorder symptoms; (3) 3 or more symptoms. Separate multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted for SI and suicide attempt with or without a plan. Twin analyses examined the genetic overlap between cannabis involvement and SI. Results All levels of cannabis involvement were related to SI, regardless of duration (Odds ratios [ORs] = 1.28 – 2.00, p < 0.01). Cannabis use and endorsing ≥3 symptoms were associated with unplanned (SANP; ORs = 1.95 and 2.51 respectively, p < 0.05), but not planned suicide attempts (p > 0.10). Associations persisted even after controlling for other psychiatric disorders and substance involvement. Overlapping genetic (rG=0.45) and environmental (rE=0.21) were responsible for the covariance between cannabis involvement and SI. Conclusions Cannabis involvement is associated, albeit modestly, with SI and unplanned suicide attempts. Such attempts are difficult to prevent and their association with cannabis use and cannabis use disorder symptoms requires further study, including in different samples and with additional attention to confounders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between cannabis involvement and suicidal thoughts and behaviors

Delforterie¹,

Lynskey²,

Huizink³

et al. 2015

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The impaired-functioning model suggests that heavy drinking inhibits effective social functioning, which can harm personal relationships, threaten employment, and increase risk of accidents and vulnerability to victimization-all of which may serve as pathways to depression (Abraham and Fava, 1999;Newcomb et al, 1999). Physiological mechanisms also may contribute to this relationship, as depression may be a consequence of the toxic effects of alcohol on neurological functioning (Kuo et al, 2006;Merikangas et al, 1996;Stice et al, 2004) or the activation, via heavy alcohol use, of genetic markers associated with depression (Fergusson et al, 2008).…”

Section: Alcohol Use and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazardous Drinking, Depression, and Anxiety Among Sexual-Minority Women: Self-Medication or Impaired Functioning?

Johnson

Hughes

Cho

et al. 2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Sexual-minority women are at heightened risk for a number of mental health problems, including hazardous alcohol consumption, depression, and anxiety. We examined self-medication and impaired-functioning models of the associations among these variables and interpreted results within a life course framework that considered the unique social stressors experienced by sexual-minority women. Method: Data were from a sample of 384 women interviewed during the fi rst two waves of the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW) study. Results: Covariance structure modeling revealed that (a) consistent with a self-medication process, anxiety was prospectively associated with hazardous drinking and (b) consistent with an impairedfunctioning process, hazardous drinking was prospectively associated with depression. Conclusions: Our fi ndings support a life course perspective that interprets the mental health of adult sexual-minority women as infl uenced by adverse childhood experiences, age at drinking onset, fi rst heterosexual intercourse, and fi rst sexual identity disclosure, as well as by processes associated with self-medication and impaired functioning during adulthood. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 74, 565-575, 2013)

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“…Additionally, future studies should strive to understand the potential academic consequences of substance use-including from the nonmedical use of prescription drugs-like dropout and academic dismissal. Moreover, given what is already known about the prevalence of polydrug use (30,34,4749) and its consequences (50)(51)(52)(53), investigators should focus on the total impact of substance use in general, rather than attempting to disentangle the consequences of individual drugs.…”

Section: Future Directions Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Exposure Opportunities and Use Patterns among College Students: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2008

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Underage drinking and drug use among college students are major public health concerns, yet few studies have examined these behaviors and their associated risk factors and consequences prospectively. This paper describes the sampling and recruitment methods of a longitudinal study of 1,253 college students at a large, mid-Atlantic university. Incoming first-year students were screened during the unique window between high school and college in order to oversample drug users for longitudinal follow-up. Intensive recruitment strategies yielded a 95% cumulative response rate in annual interviews and semi-annual surveys. We report preliminary results on exposure opportunity, lifetime prevalence, initiation, continuation, and cessation of substance use for alcohol, tobacco, and ten illicit and prescription drugs during the first two years of college. Findings suggest that while some substance use represents a continuation of patterns initiated in high school, exposure opportunity and initiation of substance use frequently occur in college. Implications for prevention and early intervention are discussed. Keywords NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript IntroductionUnderage drinking and illicit substance use among college students are major public health concerns. Annually, at least 1,400 deaths are attributable to alcohol use on college campuses (1). High-risk drinking among young adults is associated with sexual assault, destruction of property, academic problems, accidental injury, and several adverse health consequences (2-5). Binge drinking and illicit drug use often co-occur (2,6-10), but in contrast to longitudinal studies of alcohol consumption (11), surprisingly few longitudinal prospective studies have examined patterns, correlates, and consequences of illicit drug use among college students. Little information is available on the patterns of initiation and cessation during college-that is, it is not known how often drug use is initiated after coming to college versus continuing a pattern that began in high school, and how often a pattern of regular drug use resolves among college students. Moreover, a majority of the conceptual models used to explain the onset and course of early drug use were developed from studying samples of adolescents, many of whom were deviant and disadvantaged (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Although the application of these models to samples of educated, academically-achieving youths might be appropriate, other risk factors and consequences might be needed to fully describe the natural history and course of drug use and other health risk behaviors during this unique developmental window. For example, an important potential outcome of drug use among college students might be diminished expectations regarding career goals or difficulty establishing autonomy.This paper describes results from the College Life Study (CLS), funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse in October 2003 to address critical gaps in our knowledge base concerning the longi...

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Drug problems and psychological distress among a community sample of adults: Predictors, consequences, or confound?

Cited by 55 publications

References 69 publications

The relationship between cannabis involvement and suicidal thoughts and behaviors

The relationship between cannabis involvement and suicidal thoughts and behaviors

Hazardous Drinking, Depression, and Anxiety Among Sexual-Minority Women: Self-Medication or Impaired Functioning?

Drug Exposure Opportunities and Use Patterns among College Students: Results of a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study

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