Drug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination in the Ward Environment

Tanaka, Yoshinori; Adachi, Akiko; Ashimoto, Atsushi; Kishimoto, Hiroyuki; Toyoshima, Ryota; Yamamoto, Kichizo

doi:10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.66.1270

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…9 Young children have a higher carriage of S. aureus than adults. 10 One of the seriously feared strains of S. aureus is methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), which shows resistant to virtually all β-lactam antimicrobials including penicillin, cephalosporin, carbapenem and monobactam. 11 Treatment of infections caused by S. aureus, has become more difficult since the development of MRSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and their Antibiograms among School Children in Bharatpur, Nepal

Adhikari¹,

Khadka

Parajuli³

et al. 2018

J Coll Med Sci-Nepal

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Background: Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus has been linked to several community-acquired and nosocomial infections. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S.aureus colonizing the anterior nares of school children in Bharatpur, Nepal. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 206 school children aged 3-15 years from fourteen different government schools in Bharatpur, Nepal were enrolled from January to May 2017. Prior to collecting sample, permission was sought from the administration of each school. All the participants were informed about the purposes of the study and the method of sample collection. Isolation of S.aureus and their antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed by standard microbiological procedures. Results: S. aureus was isolated in 35(16.9%) cases of which 6 (17.1%) were methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) and 7 (20.0%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA was higher in the age group 10-15 years (24.1% and 3.6%) compared to the age group 3-9 years (8.5% and 2.1%) (p=0.003).All the isolates were sensitive towards vancomycin and amikacin. Conclusions: Promotion of good hygienic practices among school going children can be suggested to abate the risk of spread and infections by S.aureus.Keywords: antibiotic resistance; MRSA; nasal carriage; S. aureus; school children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and their Antibiograms among School Children in Bharatpur, Nepal

Adhikari¹,

Khadka

Parajuli³

et al. 2018

J Coll Med Sci-Nepal

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“…Hence, such carriers must be identi ed and treated early since most carriers remain persistently colonized unless treated appropriately. Young children have a higher carriage of S. aureus than adults [20] as they are associated with a higher number of risk factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of mecA gene from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from school children, Kathmandu, Nepal

Bhandari

Ansari

Pyakurel

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important pathogen affecting children worldwide. Children are at increased risk of nasal colonization and may be responsible for spreading S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) to the community settings. This study aimed to determine MRSA nasal colonization among school-going (aged 10–16 years) children of Kathmandu Valley and detect the mecA gene among isolated S. aureus. This study is the first study from Nepal to test the mecA gene from S. aureus from the community (school children). A total of 190 samples were collected from anterior nares, and S. aureus was identified using standard microbiological techniques. An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed, and MRSA screening was done by incorporating the cefoxitin disk in the AST plate. DNA was extracted using the hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method, and the mecA gene was detected using PCR. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS v16.0. Among the total of 190 children, 85 (44.7%) had nasal S. aureus colonization, and 45 (53%) were positive for MRSA. The highest MRSA colonization (100%) was found in females aged 10–12 years. Age and handshaking habits were associated risk factors of nasal MRSA colonization. Gentamycin, linezolid, and vancomycin were highly effective against MRSA, and erythromycin was the least effective besides cefoxitin and penicillin. Similarly, among 45 MRSA isolates, 41 (91.1%) were mecA gene-positive, and among 40 MSSA isolates, 38 (95%) were mecA gene positive. Our study showed a high prevalence of MRSA among school children. The prevalence of the mecA gene among MRSA isolates was also high. Therefore, the proper screening of MRSA should be done to identify, decolonize carriers and prevent the possible spread of MRSA to students in school and even to the community.

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The order of ward rounds influences nosocomial infection. A 2-year study in gastroenterologic surgery patients

et al. 1995

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We studied the effect of the order of ward rounds on nosocomial infection in gastroenterologic surgery patients. The subjects were patients with gastrointestinal diseases admitted between September 1992 and August 1994. During the 1st year, the round proceeded indiscriminately among recovery rooms and rooms with stable patients and isolated patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In the subsequent year, the round started in the recovery rooms and moved into the general rooms with stable patients and finally into the isolation rooms. Against the time course, piecewise linear regression analyses were made with the number of culture-positive patients and the quantities of antibiotics and disinfectants used. Of a total of 1894 strains from 264 patients, isolates of MRSA (n = 200) decreased from 150 in the 1st year to 50 in the 2nd year. The number of MRSA-positive patients showed the point of inflexion in the analysis at the change of round order, with a later decrease. The trend was similar for Candida (n = 99) and Enterococcal (n = 225) species. The amount of antibiotics was unchanged while the amount of disinfectants used decreased in the 2nd year. Thus, the round re-ordering appeared to help prevent nosocomial infection. Ward rounds for patients who have had gastroenterologic surgery should proceed from compromised hosts to stable patients, and then isolated patients.

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Drug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination in the Ward Environment

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Nasal Colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and their Antibiograms among School Children in Bharatpur, Nepal

Nasal Colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and their Antibiograms among School Children in Bharatpur, Nepal

Detection of mecA gene from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from school children, Kathmandu, Nepal

The order of ward rounds influences nosocomial infection. A 2-year study in gastroenterologic surgery patients

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