Drug therapy: Solamargine and other solasodine rhamnosyl glycosides as anticancer agents

Abstract

In the last century, the discovery of cytotoxic agents was revolutionary for anticancer therapy. These therapies have resulted in better understanding of cancer in general. However, the development of agents that combine efficacy, safety and convenience remains a great challenge. The narrow, if not adverse, therapeutic index of most drugs, the damage not only to cancer cells, but also to normal and healthy tissue and the occurrence of resistance have limited anticancer efficacy. This review presents the development of promising novel cytotoxic solasodine rhamnosyl glycoside drugs that offer not only gains in specificity and efficacy, but also in safety, tolerability, non-resistance and convenience in the treatment of patients with cancer.

An UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of solasonine in rat plasma and its application of a pharmacokinetic and bioavailability study

“…As a major active constituent in Solanum nigrum L (S. nigrum L) and Solanum lycocarpum (SL), the content of solasonine in the unripe fruit of SL is up to 0.47% [2]. In recent research, solasonine was found to be a potential anti-cancer agent [1], particularly effective for human colon and liver cancer cell lines [3,4]. Notably, solasonine is the main component of a new anti-cancer drug, named coramsine (SBP002) which is the equal parts mixture of solasonine and solamargine and has passed the Phase I and II trials in patients with tumors [5,6].…”

“…1) is known as a steroidal glycoalkaloids, which is mainly found in Solanaceae and Liliaceae [1]. As a major active constituent in Solanum nigrum L (S. nigrum L) and Solanum lycocarpum (SL), the content of solasonine in the unripe fruit of SL is up to 0.47% [2].…”

A Standardized Plant Extract Containing a Target Compound is Acceptable as a Potent Therapeutic Entity: Relevance to BEC and Solamargine, a Topical Clinical Formulation CuradermBEC5

“…Subsequently these solasodine rhamnosides have shown to be potent anticancer agents at different stages of cancer development. They cause cancer cells to commit suicide (apoptosis) , are cytotoxic against multi drug resistant tumour cells [7,14,31], stimulate lasting immunity against cancer [9,31], are not mutagenic and even display anti mutagenic properties [7,31].…”

“…Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research 2015; 3(2): [22][23][24][25][26][27] lasting immunity against cancer [9,31], are not mutagenic and even display anti mutagenic properties [7,31].…”

Solasodine, Solamargine and Mixtures of Solasodine Rhamnosides: Pathway to Expansive Clinical Anticancer Therapies

“…SM induces apoptosis in melanoma cell lines [2] [6] [9] and inhibits and eliminates melanoma in vivo [48] [49].…”