Drugs of abuse in maternal hair and paired neonatal meconium: an objective assessment of foetal exposure to gestational consumption

Joya, Xavier; Marchei, Emilia; Salat-Batlle, Judith; Garcı́a-Algar, Óscar; Calvaresi, Valeria; Pacifici, Roberta; Pichini, Simona

doi:10.1002/dta.1921

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Frequent and chronic exposure is necessary to produce meconium positive results. [21,28] Our results are in agreement with these previous studies. Meconium only was positive if a frequent drug abuse was documented by hair analysis during the whole pregnancy for cocaine, opioids and methadone, especially during the third trimester.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“… Previous studies also showed that not just the timing but also the frequency of drug exposure was critical to be able detect drugs in meconium. Frequent and chronic exposure is necessary to produce meconium positive results . Our results are in agreement with these previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In order to optimize laboratory resources and to be able to analyze the highest number of cases as possible to obtain significant results (n = 727), placenta and umbilical cord samples were analyzed if either hair or meconium were positive to any of the investigated drugs or metabolites (n = 124). Following the present approach, we could have missed cases where hair and meconium were negative, and placenta and/or umbilical cord were positive, but based on previous studies, this number is probably marginal and it would not affect the obtained results. Another observation of the present study was that higher concentrations were found in meconium compared to placenta and umbilical cord.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Because its formation starts around the 12th week of gestation and it accumulates until birth, it was considered that it reflected drug exposure during the second and third trimester. [14,15] However, it is known that its formation increases during the last trimester (weeks [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], and about 75% of meconium is produced during the last 8 weeks of pregnancy. [26] Because of this, meconium results may reflect just the last 2-3 months of pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioanalysis for cocaine, opiates, methadone, and amphetamines exposure detection during pregnancy

Concheiro

Lendoiro

Castro

et al. 2016

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Drug exposure during pregnancy constitutes a major legal issue and a public health concern. Drug and metabolite determination in biological matrices from mother and newborn is an objective indication of prenatal drug exposure. However, limited data are available regarding the interpretation of these analytical results in terms of window of detection and degree of exposure. We collected paired maternal hair, meconium, placenta, and umbilical cord from 727 mother-newborn dyads. We analyzed these specimens by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of cocaine, opioids, methadone, and amphetamines, and compared the analytical results from the four different matrices. The cases were divided in non-exposure, low, and frequent exposure, based on maternal hair concentrations and segmental analysis by trimesters. For cocaine, 62 cases tested positive in hair, 9 in meconium, 6 in placenta and 7 in umbilical cord. In the case of opioids, 14 maternal hair cases were positive, 11 meconium and umbilical cord and 9 placenta samples. For methadone, 11 cases were positive in hair, 9 in meconium and 6 in placenta and umbilical cord. For amphetamines, 18 cases were positive according to maternal hair, but all meconium, placenta, and umbilical cord tested negative. Maternal hair was the most sensitive specimen to detect drug exposure during pregnancy. Meconium, placenta, and umbilical cord tested positive if hair concentrations showed frequent drug use during the whole pregnancy, especially during the third trimester. Meconium, placenta, and umbilical cord also tested positive for morphine and metabolites, if this drug was administered during labour and delivery. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bioanalysis for cocaine, opiates, methadone, and amphetamines exposure detection during pregnancy

Concheiro

Lendoiro

Castro

et al. 2016

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…Quanto ao uso de drogas lícitas não prescritas e/ou ilícitas, estudo realizado nos Estados Unidos estima as taxas de pré-natal de crianças expostas às drogas de abuso de 6% a 40% de todos os nascidos vivos (MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL, 2014). Na Espanha, a referida taxa é em torno de 40% (JOYA et al, 2016). No Brasil, estudos revelam taxa de 7,82% a 19% dependendo do método e instrumento utilizado (KASSADA et al, 2013; valor próximo ao encontrado na presente pesquisa (19,5%).…”

Section: Prevalência Do Uso De Medicamentosunclassified

Gestantes na atenção primária à saúde: transtornos mentais comuns, qualidade de vida e uso de drogas

Kassada¹

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Essa pesquisa teve por objetivo geral identificar a prevalência de Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC), uso de drogas e a qualidade de vida (QV) em gestantes atendidas na atenção primária à saúde (APS) no município de Campinas, São Paulo. Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, de caráter correlacional, realizado de agosto de 2015 a agosto de 2016 com plano amostral estratificado e proporcional (n=287). Cada estrato foi formado pela Unidade Básica de Saúde sorteada, na área de abrangência de cada um dos cinco distritos de saúde da cidade. Foram instrumentos de pesquisa: questionário sociodemográfico, econômico, farmacoterapêutico e de histórico de saúde; o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) para o rastreamento do uso do álcool; o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), para estimar a prevalência de TMC e o World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-Brief (WHOQOL-brief), para mensurar escores de QV na amostra. TMC, QV e uso de drogas lícitas não prescritas e/ou ilícitas foram considerados variáveis dependentes. Para análise das variáveis TMC e uso de drogas lícitas não prescritas e/ou ilícitas foi utilizado o teste de regressão logística simples e múltipla e QV a regressão linear múltipla. Das 287 gestantes entrevistadas 30% foram positivas para TMC. As variáveis associadas à TMC foram: idade (OR 6,63), situação conjugal (OR 2,15), histórico de transtorno mental (OR 4,34), gravidez desejada (OR 3,33), idade gestacional (OR 5,86), relato de ter sofrido violência (OR 18,47) e uso de chá (OR 2,47). Identificou-se que 95,8% declararam ter utilizado pelo menos um medicamento durante a gravidez e desses 2,09% utilizaram sem prescrição. Em relação à classificação de risco, 58,47% dos medicamentos utilizados são da classe A; 30,87% da classe B; 8,84% da classe C, 1,09% da classe D e 0,73% sem classificação. Quanto ao uso de drogas lícitas não prescritas e/ou ilícitas 19,5% relataram o uso sendo a droga mais utilizada o álcool (8,71%), seguido do tabaco (6,61%); sete (2,43%) usaram essas duas substâncias concomitantemente e quatro (1,4%) utilizaram drogas ilícitas associadas ao álcool e/ou tabaco. Por meio do AUDIT, identificou-se que durante a gestação, 2,8% das mulheres foram classificadas como em uso de risco e 0,7% em provável dependência. As variáveis associadas ao uso de drogas lícitas não prescritas e/ou ilícitas foram idade (OR 6,91) e idade gestacional, sendo no segundo trimestre (OR 2,68) e no terceiro trimestre (OR 2,81). Quanto a QV, a média dos escores foi maior no domínio relações sociais enquanto o mais baixo foi no domínio meio ambiente.O preditor mais significativo para menor QV foi TMC. Assim, os achados desta pesquisa poderão ser utilizados na sensibilização dos profissionais da atenção primária, com vistas a maior adequação das ações desenvolvidas no pré-natal e redução de complicações tanto para a gestante quanto para o feto. Além disso, esses indicadores poderão subsidiar a elaboração e implementação de políticas públicas que proporcione uma assistência pré-natal mais integral e qualific...

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Assessment of biological matrices for the detection of in utero cannabis exposure

Concheiro

Gutierrez

Ocampo

et al. 2021

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Cannabis consumption has been increasing worldwide among pregnant women. Due to the negative effects of prenatal cannabis exposure, it is necessary to develop an objective, sensitive, and specific method to determine cannabinoids use during pregnancy. In this study, we compared four different biological samples, maternal hair, meconium, umbilical cord, and placenta, for the detection of in utero cannabis exposure. The biological samples were collected from 627 mother-newborn dyads. All hair and meconium samples were analyzed, and umbilical cord and placenta if hair and/or meconium were positive for cannabinoids. Meconium and hair showed to complement each other, with an agreement between hair and meconium results of 96.7% but only 34.3% if just positive results were considered. Umbilical cord and placenta results showed a better agreement with meconium (91.3% and 92.6%, respectively) than with hair (39.1% and 34.6%, respectively). The predominant metabolites in meconium were 11-nor-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) and 8,11-dihydroxy-THC (diOHTHC), and in umbilical cord and placenta was THCCOOH-glucuronide. Cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN) were detected in meconium but not in any umbilical cord or placenta. For the first time, prenatal marijuana exposure was analyzed and compared in paired hair, meconium, umbilical cord, and placental samples.Hair and meconium positivity rate was similar, but a more sensitive and specific analytical method for the hair may resolve discrepancies between the matrices. Umbilical cord and placenta may be considered suitable alternative matrices to meconium through the determination of THCCOOH-glucuronide as a biomarker of cannabis exposure.

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Drugs of abuse in maternal hair and paired neonatal meconium: an objective assessment of foetal exposure to gestational consumption

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Bioanalysis for cocaine, opiates, methadone, and amphetamines exposure detection during pregnancy

Bioanalysis for cocaine, opiates, methadone, and amphetamines exposure detection during pregnancy

Gestantes na atenção primária à saúde: transtornos mentais comuns, qualidade de vida e uso de drogas

Assessment of biological matrices for the detection of in utero cannabis exposure

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