Drying of paper: A review 2000–2018

Abstract

Drying of paper during 2000-2018 is reviewed. The review includes new drying processes, multi-cylinder dryers, tissue and impingement drying, TAD-drying, infrared drying and energy use for drying of paper. It includes general aspects of infrared dryers but not drying of coated papers. Paper quality aspects, paper shrinkage and paper isotherms are not included. Impingement drying has been the most successful new technology with several applications while others such as impulse drying has not been commercialized mainly due to problems with paper quality parameters. One promising development is the introduction of steel instead of cast iron cylinders with increased heat transfer reducing the number of cylinders. Future research should focus on modeling the internal transport phenomena and to couple these phenomena to paper shrinkage and quality parameters. The influence of the fabric for the drying process needs more attention, understanding the drying process for new components such as microfibrillar cellulose in the stock and reducing energy use and increasing the amount of renewable energies for drying of paper.

Potential of Cellulose Microfibers for PHA and PLA Biopolymers Reinforcement

“…In the end, in industrial processes, up to 90% of the energy demand of this process is due to water evaporation. Using efficient drying procedures such as Through Air Drying (TAD), water removal involves 4800 kJ/kg of water evaporated [ 41 ]. This requires around 695 kWh to obtain a ton of dried microfibers.…”

Facilitating drying R&D via critical review papers

“…Here, we will summarize the review articles which appeared during 2019 with brief outlines of their content. As can be surmised from the list of references [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], the review articles cover a broad range of topics that should interest academia as we as industry.…”

“…Drying of paper: achievement of right quality and an even quality across the width and the length of a paper roll has been found to be the biggest issue for the paper producing companies. Incorporation of new materials such as microfibrillar cellulose in the stock has been reported as challenge for the existing paper dryers [6]. This is an area that attracted much R&D attention several decades ago; there is a need to revisit this theme to enhance the current papermaking as well as converting technologies.…”

Influence of Maintenance Actions in the Drying Stage of a Paper Mill on CO2 Emissions

“…Moya and Pardo [19] also observed how the adoption of the Best Available Technologies (BAT) enhanced by energy efficiency policies can help to reduce CO 2 emissions and be economically viable through the savings produced. However, the papermaking sector is very reluctant to prove new techniques due to the large investment required and the long life of the production facilities [20].…”