Dual-Band 6 × 6 MIMO Antenna System for Glasses Applications Compatible with Wi-Fi 6E and 7 Wireless Communication Standards

Abstract

Multi-user multiple-input and multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems are the mainstream of current antenna design. This paper proposes a dual-band 6 × 6 MIMO glasses antenna for Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 indoor wireless communication. The six antennas have the same structure, all of which are F-shaped monopole antennas. They are on the left and right temples, at the upper and lower ends of the left and right frames, which effectively uses the space of the glasses. The substrate uses FR4 (εr=4.4, tanδ=0.02). The antenna design is compact (9 mm × 50 mm × 0.8 mm) and the glasses model is made of FR4. The overall model is similar to virtual reality (VR) glasses, which are convenient for a user to wear. The proposed antenna has three working frequency bands, at 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz. Through matching and optimization, the reflection coefficient can be lower than −10 dB. In addition, this paper evaluates two usage environments for simulation and measurement on the head and free space. The measurement results show that when the operating frequency band is at 2.45 GHz, the antenna efficiency is 86.1%, and the antenna gain is 1.9 dB. At 5.5 GHz, the antenna efficiency is 86.5%, and the antenna gain is 4.4 dB. At 6.7 GHz, the antenna efficiency is 85.4%, and the antenna gain is 3.7 dB. When the isolation of the MIMO antenna system is optimized, the low-frequency band is better than −10 dB, and the high-frequency band is better than −20 dB. The measured envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) values are all lower than 0.1.

Enhancing Multi-Band MIMO Antenna Stability for Various Electronic Applications With Human-Body Interaction Consideration

“…Furthermore, according to the European Conformité Européenne (CE) rule,10g SAR must be less than 2W/kg. The above SAR value is calculated based on the power absorbed by a specific volume in a specified time, and the calculation formula is expressed in (4) [32]:…”

“…Figs. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] show the SAR and PD effects of MIMO antenna systems for tablets and laptops at the positions of the hands and legs of the human body, and Table III to Table V are the detailed values of all SARs of MIMO antenna systems at the corresponding frequencies. All of the MIMO antenna system's SARs and PDs are within the specified range, and it has also been proved that the MIMO antenna system has no negative impacts on the human body.…”

Development of Double C-Shaped Left-Handed Metamaterial for Dual-Band Wi-Fi and Satellite Communication Application with High Effective Medium Radio and Wide Bandwidth

“…The development of metamaterials is inextricably linked to the progress of manmade material design that interacts with microwave, radio, and optical frequency bands. The double negative (DNG) metamaterial is known as the negative index metamaterial (NIM); they are also sometimes referred to as left-handed metamaterials mesh system with several routers is used to cover a bigger area; the UNII band 5.6 GHz can be worked as a dedicated communications connection between the two routers, speeding up the overall system using a dual-band [33] configuration.…”

A two-element planar multiple input multiple output array for ultra-wideband applications

“…In recent times, researchers have proposed different types of MIMO configurations. Some people have proposed 10 elements [6], 8 elements [7]- [10], 6 elements [9], [11], 4/quad elements [12]- [16] antenna arrays with MIMO configuration for 5G bands. However, due to their ease of design and characterization, we will only discuss the two elements in this article.…”