Dual-Drug Loaded Biomimetic Chitosan-Collagen Hybrid Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Ameliorating Potential Tissue Regeneration in Diabetic Wounds

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most concerning conditions, and its chronic complications are nearly synonymous with inflammation, oxidative stress, and infections. In the acute inflammatory phase of diabetic wound healing (DWH), reducing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory response of the wound is a necessary treatment. The current work used a mix of emulsification and lyophilization approaches to investigate the effects of resveratrol microparticles (RES-GMS) loaded chitosan-collagen (CS-CLG) scaffold with doxycycline (DOX) on DWH. Resveratrol (RES) is a powerful antioxidant that promotes cell proliferation in the dermis by improving fibroblast function and enhancing CLG production. DOX can potentially shift the balance away from the chronic wound's pro-inflammatory, proteolytic status toward an environment that promotes vascular ingrowth and, eventually, epithelial development. Cross-linked scaffolds had optimal porosity, reduced matrix degradation, and prolonged drug release when compared to non-cross-linked scaffolds, according to the results of composite scaffold characterization. Cell proliferation assay employing mouse fibroblasts was used to study the kinetics and bioactivity of growth factors produced from the scaffold. The RES-DOX-CS-CLG scaffold was biocompatible and promoted cell development compared to the control and CS-CLG scaffolds in in vitro experiments. DOX-loaded CS-CLG scaffold loaded with R-GMS delivers a prolonged release of RES, according to in vitro tests.

Obtaining and Characterizing Composite Biomaterials of Animal Resources with Potential Applications in Regenerative Medicine

“…The antimicrobial activity obtained against S. aureus and, respectively, against S. aureus MRSA is in accordance with the results obtained by other scientists [30][31][32][33]51,52], who obtained significant antimicrobial activity for S. aureus, S. aureus MRSA, and P. aeruginosa only in the case of composite biofilms which contain collagen, chitosan, and silver. Regarding the action mechanism for biomaterial composites with chitosan and clotrimazole, in the case of S. aureus or S. aureus MRSA, most probably chitosan binds to teichoic acids, increases membrane permeability, and causes membrane depolarization [53], acting synergically with clotrimazole.…”

“…The composite biomaterials based on collagen, chitosan, resveratrol, and doxycycline obtained by Tallapaneni and collaborators, for use in healing the wounds of diabetic patients, inhibit the development of pathogenic microorganisms, such as S. aureus, S. aureus MRSA, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli, (inhibition diameters obtained were more than 4 cm). Cytotoxicity tests performed with composite biomaterial concentrations in the culture medium of (31 ÷ 250) µg/mL), on Balb/3T3 murine fibroblast cell lines showed that, after 72 h, the cell viability was under 70% [33].…”

3D printed drug loaded nanomaterials for wound healing applications

“…Hydrogels engineered from polysaccharides through ionic and chemical means demonstrated high cell viability, cell binding affinity, and proliferation in wound healing applications, such as wound dressings and matrices for tissue repair and regeneration [ 107 ]. Chitosan-collagen cross-linked scaffolds also showed optimal porosity, reduced matrix degradation, and prolonged drug release with acceptable biocompatibility, enhanced cell development, and a prolonged release [ 108 ]. Chitosan can also be integrated with pectin and dextrin.…”

“… 3D Scaffold Product Description Evaluation Outcomes Reference Chitin-covered CeNPs Cerium NP-based wound dressing hydrogels covered by chitin an efficient fluid handling capacity and antimicrobial activity [ 111 ]. RES-DOX–CS–CLG Cross-linked scaffold emulsification and lyophilization based formulations of resveratrol microparticles (RES-GMS) loaded chitosan-collagen (CS-CLG) scaffold with doxycycline (DOX) on DWH optimal porosity, reduced matrix degradation, and prolonged drug release [ 108 ] promoted cell proliferation in the dermis by improving fibroblast function CS-Pec-Dex Wound patch propolis extract with beta cyclodextrin embedded with chitosan on pectin 3D-printed films using SSE. good in vitro antimicrobial activities [ 109 ] accelerated wound-healing effect PhycoTrix™ bioink a dual-network polysaccharide hydrogel 3D printed scaffold engineered through ionic and chemical means high cell viability, cell binding affinity, and proliferation compared to alginate studies [ 107 ] promising application as wound dressings and matrices for tissue repair and regeneration Gentamycin Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Conformal, consistent, inkjet printed coatings on a cotton substrate loaded with the antibiotic gentamicin.…”

A review on contemporary nanomaterial-based therapeutics for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) with special reference to the Indian scenario

“…After 24 h, the cells treated with the scaffold migrated much quicker than the control samples. 19 Ren et al fabricated anti-inflammatory and antibacterial Ag@hesperidin core–shell nanoparticles embedded in nanofibers for the treatment of an infected wound. These nanoparticles presented effective antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus .…”