Dual Energy and Spectral CT Techniques in Cardiovascular Imaging

Krauß, Bernhard; McCollough, Cynthia H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-237-7_8

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 97 publications

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“…Nevertheless, improvements are within sight with the introduction of multi‐energy CT (McCollough, Leng, Yu, & Fletcher, 2015). Dual‐energy CT (DECT), a first step in the introduction of multi‐energy CT, has already achieved status as an established clinical tool (Krauss & McCollough, 2019; Lohofer et al, 2018; Schmid‐Bindert et al, 2012). Various approaches to acquire dual‐energy data, such as dual‐source CT (DSCT), rapid kVp switching CT (KVSCT), and dual‐layer CT (DLCT), have recently been established (Ehn et al, 2018; Pelgrim et al, 2017; Sauter et al, 2018).…”

Section: X‐ray Imaging Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle contrast agents for X‐ray imaging applications

Hsu

Nieves

Betzer

et al. 2020

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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X-ray imaging is the most widely used diagnostic imaging method in modern medicine and several advanced forms of this technology have recently emerged. Iodinated molecules and barium sulfate suspensions are clinically approved X-ray contrast agents and are widely used. However, these existing contrast agents provide limited information, are suboptimal for new X-ray imaging techniques and are developing safety concerns. Thus, over the past 15 years, there has been a rapid growth in the development of nanoparticles as X-ray contrast agents. Nanoparticles have several desirable features such as high contrast payloads, the potential for long circulation times, and tunable physicochemical properties. Nanoparticles have also been used in a range of biomedical applications such as disease treatment, targeted imaging, and cell tracking. In this review, we discuss the principles behind X-ray contrast generation and introduce new types of X-ray imaging modalities, as well as potential elements and chemical compositions that are suitable for novel contrast agent development. We focus on the progress in nanoparticle X-ray contrast agents developed to be renally clearable, long circulating, theranostic, targeted, or for cell tracking. We feature agents that are used in conjunction with the newly developed multi-energy computed tomography and mammographic imaging technologies. Finally, we offer perspectives on current limitations and emerging research topics as well as expectations for the future development of the field.

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