Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and body composition

Laskey, M A

doi:10.1016/0899-9007(95)00017-8

Cited by 319 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The principle of DXA is based on differential attenuation of two energies of X-rays by different tissues of the subject (Laskey, 1996). The attenuation is used to estimate BMC and soft tissue composition (Laskey, 1996).…”

Section: Dual X-ray Absorptiometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of methods used in body composition analysis on the prediction of resting energy expenditure

et al. 2006

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Objective: There are considerable differences in published prediction algorithms for resting energy expenditure (REE) based on fat-free mass (FFM). The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the methodology of body composition analysis on the prediction of REE from FFM. Design: In a cross-sectional design measurements of REE and body composition were performed. . In a normal range of FFM, REE predicted from FFM by different methods showed only small differences. The variance in REE explained by FFM varied from 69% (FFM BIA ) to 75% (FFM DXA ) and was only 46% for body weight. Conclusion: Differences in slopes and intercepts of the regression lines between REE and FFM depended on the methods used for body composition analysis. However, the differences in prediction of REE are small and do not explain the large differences in the results obtained from published FFM-based REE prediction equations and therefore imply a population-and/or investigator specificity of algorithms for REE prediction.

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Section: Dual X-ray Absorptiometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The attenuation is used to estimate BMC and soft tissue composition (Laskey, 1996). Whole body measurement was carried out using a QDR4500A (Hologic Inc., Bedford, MA, USA).…”

Section: Dual X-ray Absorptiometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of methods used in body composition analysis on the prediction of resting energy expenditure

et al. 2006

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“…Subjects were measured supine and wearing a light cotton gown with metal objects, such as jewellery, removed wherever possible. The procedure involved negligible radiation exposure and a high degree of precision appropriate for longitudinal studies [17,18]. Analysis was performed using the Enhanced Body Composition software (version 4.7d) integral to the instrument that provided estimates of whole body and segmental composition.…”

Section: Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a reference four-component model to define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition in type 2 diabetes: the ?Darwin study?

et al. 2005

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Aims: To define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition and fat distribution, and investigate the potential role of body weight (BWt) gain predictors in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. , with the FFM increase due solely to total body water [TBW; +2.4 (1.5) l], as there were no detectable changes in total body protein or bone mineral, thereby increasing FFM hydration by 1.3%. More body fat was deposited centrally in patients receiving insulin alone than those receiving insulin with an oral hypoglycaemic agent (metformin). Daily insulin dose, HbA 1 c and hip circumference were independent predictors of BWt gain. Conclusions: Insulin treatment increased fat and FFM similarly in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients, with the FFM gain due entirely to TBW. The possible role of metformin in reducing central fat accumulation following insulin treatment warrants further investigation into its mechanism and potential long-term benefits.

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“…The most commonly used method is dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (18,19) . DXA has largely replaced dual-photon absorptiometry (DPA), which used radioisotopes rather than X-rays as the source of ionising radiation.…”

Section: Measures Of Bone Mineral Content Density and Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium economy in human pregnancy and lactation

et al. 2012

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Pregnancy and lactation are times of additional demand for Ca. Ca is transferred across the placenta for fetal skeletal mineralisation, and supplied to the mammary gland for secretion into breast milk. In theory, these additional maternal requirements could be met through mobilisation of Ca from the skeleton, increased intestinal Ca absorption efficiency, enhanced renal Ca retention or greater dietary Ca intake. The extent to which any or all of these apply, the underpinning biological mechanisms and the possible consequences for maternal and infant bone health in the short and long term are the focus of the present review. The complexities in the methodological aspects of interpreting the literature in this area are highlighted and the inter-individual variation in the response to pregnancy and lactation is reviewed. In summary, human pregnancy and lactation are associated with changes in Ca and bone metabolism that support the transfer of Ca between mother and child. The changes generally appear to be independent of maternal Ca supply in populations where Ca intakes are close to current recommendations. Evidence suggests that the processes are physiological in humans and that they provide sufficient Ca for fetal growth and breast-milk production, without relying on an increase in dietary Ca intake or compromising long-term maternal bone health. Further research is needed to determine the limitations of the maternal response to the Ca demands of pregnancy and lactation, especially among mothers with marginal and low dietary Ca intake, and to define vitamin D adequacy for reproductive women.

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Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and body composition

Cited by 319 publications

References 33 publications

Influence of methods used in body composition analysis on the prediction of resting energy expenditure

Influence of methods used in body composition analysis on the prediction of resting energy expenditure

Use of a reference four-component model to define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition in type 2 diabetes: the ?Darwin study?

Calcium economy in human pregnancy and lactation

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