Dual function of pyrimidine metabolism in potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) plants: pyrimidine salvage and supply of β‐alanine to pantothenic acid synthesis

Katahira, Riko; Ashihara, Hiroshi

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2006.00658.x

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In animals, the catabolic pathway is the sole route for β-alanine synthesis ( Traut & Jones, 1996 ), but, in plants, β-alanine production from polyamine oxidation ( Terano & Suzuki, 1978 ) or other processes may be more important. Recently, Katahira & Ashihara (2006 ) have reported that [U- 14 C]-Ura is extensively degraded to 14 CO 2 in potato leaf tissues (37% total incorporated label). Although 8% of the label resided in β-alanine, only 1% of the radioactivity occurred in pantothenate and 21% of the label was found in common amino acids, presumably derived from labelled C-skeletons produced by BAT reaction (see Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A functional analysis of the pyrimidine catabolic pathway in Arabidopsis

et al. 2009

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Reductive catabolism of pyrimidine nucleotides occurs via a three-step pathway in which uracil is degraded to β-alanine, CO2 and NH3 through sequential activities of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.2, PYD1), dihydropyrimidinase (EC 3.5.2.2, PYD2) and β-ureidopropionase (EC 3.5.1.6, PYD3).A proposed function of this pathway, in addition to the maintenance of pyrimidine homeostasis, is the recycling of pyrimidine nitrogen to general nitrogen metabolism. PYD expression and catabolism of [2-14C]-uracil are markedly elevated in response to nitrogen limitation in plants, which can utilize uracil as a nitrogen source.PYD1, PYD2 and PYD3 knockout mutants were used for functional analysis of this pathway in Arabidopsis. pyd mutants exhibited no obvious phenotype under optimal growing conditions. pyd2 and pyd3 mutants were unable to catabolize [2-14C]-uracil or to grow on uracil as the sole nitrogen source. By contrast, catabolism of uracil was reduced by only 40% in pyd1 mutants, and pyd1 seedlings grew nearly as well as wild-type seedlings with a uracil nitrogen source. These results confirm PYD1 function and suggest the possible existence of another, as yet unknown, activity for uracil degradation to dihydrouracil in this plant.The localization of PYD-green fluorescent protein fusions in the plastid (PYD1), secretory system (PYD2) and cytosol (PYD3) suggests potentially complex metabolic regulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A functional analysis of the pyrimidine catabolic pathway in Arabidopsis

et al. 2009

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“…In the course of pyrimidine catabolism, [ 14 C] β‐UP is hydrolysed to 14 CO 2 , NH 3 and β‐alanine. Because radioactivity from [2‐ 14 C]pyrimidine precursors was not incorporated into β‐alanine, we were not able to follow the metabolic fate of β‐alanine, but this compound is a starting material for the synthesis of various compounds, including pantothenic acid and coenzyme A (Katahira and Ashihara 2005). In Limonium latifolium , which is a halotolerant, β‐alanine derived from uracil is utilised for the synthesis of β‐alanine betaine (Duhazé et al 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of short‐term salt stress on the metabolic profiles of pyrimidine, purine and pyridine nucleotides in cultured cells of the mangrove tree, Bruguiera sexangula

Suzuki-Yamamoto

Mimura

Ashihara

2006

Physiologia Plantarum

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Effect of short-term salt stress on the metabolic profiles of pyrimidine, purine and pyridine nucleotides in cultured cells of the mangrove tree, Bruguiera sexangula To investigate the short-term (3 h) effect of salt on the metabolism of purine, pyrimidine and pyridine nucleotides in mangrove (Bruguiera sexangula) cells, we examined the uptake and overall metabolism of radiolabelled intermediates involved in the de novo pathways and substrates of salvage pathways for nucleotide biosynthesis in the presence and absence of 100 mM NaCl. Uptake by the cells of substrates for the salvage pathways was much faster than uptake of intermediates of the de novo pathways. The activity of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis estimated by [2-14 C]orotate metabolism was not significantly affected by the salt. About 20-30% of [2-14 C]uridine, [2-14 C]uracil and more than 50% of [2-14 C]cytidine were salvaged for pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. However, substantial quantities of these compounds were degraded to 14 CO 2 via b-ureidopropionate (b-UP), and degradation of b-UP was increased by the salt. The activities of the de novo pathway, estimated by [2-14 C] 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside, and the salvage pathways from [8-14 C]adenosine and [8-14 C]guanosine for the purine nucleotide biosynthesis were not influenced by the salt. Most [8-14 C]hypoxanthine was catabolised to 14 CO 2 , and other purine compounds are also catabolised via xanthine. Purine catabolism was stimulated by the salt.[ 3 H]Quinolinate, [carbonyl-14 C]nicotinamide and [carboxyl-14 C]nicotinic acid were utilised for the biosynthesis of pyridine nucleotides. The salvage pathways for pyridine nucleotides were significantly stimulated by the salt. Trigonelline was synthesised from all pyridine precursors that were examined; its synthesis was also stimulated by the salt. We discuss the physiological role of the salt-stimulated reactions of nucleotide metabolism.

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“…Increases of cytidine and guanosine were observed in transgenic samples. The accumulation of both nucleosides has been previously related to a decrease in the activity of uridine/cytidine kinase . As a consequence of this decrease, this substrate cannot be converted into of β‐ureidopropionic acid, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), β‐alanine, pantothenic acid and several common amino acids .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accumulation of both nucleosides has been previously related to a decrease in the activity of uridine/cytidine kinase . As a consequence of this decrease, this substrate cannot be converted into of β‐ureidopropionic acid, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), β‐alanine, pantothenic acid and several common amino acids . These experimental results coincide with those of in silico predictions, which strongly indicate an affectation of alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism (Figure S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

¹H‐NMR metabolomics profiling of recombinant tobacco plants holding a promoter of a sesquiterpene cyclase

Becerra‐Martínez

Pacheco‐Hernández

Lozoya‐Gloria

et al. 2020

Phytochemical Analysis

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Introduction Nicotiana tabacum is a plant model intensively used in the bio‐engineering pharmaceutical industry as a platform to produce drugs and therapeutic agents. Currently, no information regarding the non‐targeted metabolome of transgenic tobacco containing recombinant regulatory sequences is available. Objective To compare the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) metabolomics profiling of a recombinant Nicotiana tabacum strain containing a promoter of a sesquiterpene cyclase from Capsicum annuum driving GUS expression, versus wild‐type samples. Methodology The non‐targeted 1H‐NMR metabolome was obtained and processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA). The differential metabolites were quantified by quantitative NMR. Results PCA and OPLS‐DA revealed 37 metabolites including 16 discriminant compounds for transgenic samples. Ethanol (0.4 mg g‐1), the main differential compound, was exclusively detected in transgenic tobacco; however, high levels of formate (0.28 mg g‐1) and acetate (0.3 mg g‐1) were simultaneously observed in the same group of samples. Cembratriene‐4,6‐diol, an antitumour and neuroprotective compound, and capsidiol, a known phytoalexin, increased by about 30% in transgenic samples. In addition, the endogenous levels of the antioxidant caffeoylquinic acid isomers increased by 50% in comparison to those of wild‐type tobaccos. Conclusion Our results support the occurrence of metabolic differences between wild type and transgenic tobacco containing a promoter of a Capsicum sesquiterpene cyclase gene. Interestingly, the recombinant transgenic strain studied accumulated high amounts of added value compounds with biological activity.

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Dual function of pyrimidine metabolism in potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants: pyrimidine salvage and supply of β‐alanine to pantothenic acid synthesis

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

A functional analysis of the pyrimidine catabolic pathway in Arabidopsis

A functional analysis of the pyrimidine catabolic pathway in Arabidopsis

Effect of short‐term salt stress on the metabolic profiles of pyrimidine, purine and pyridine nucleotides in cultured cells of the mangrove tree, Bruguiera sexangula

¹H‐NMR metabolomics profiling of recombinant tobacco plants holding a promoter of a sesquiterpene cyclase

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Dual function of pyrimidine metabolism in potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants: pyrimidine salvage and supply of β‐alanine to pantothenic acid synthesis

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

A functional analysis of the pyrimidine catabolic pathway in Arabidopsis

A functional analysis of the pyrimidine catabolic pathway in Arabidopsis

Effect of short‐term salt stress on the metabolic profiles of pyrimidine, purine and pyridine nucleotides in cultured cells of the mangrove tree, Bruguiera sexangula

1H‐NMR metabolomics profiling of recombinant tobacco plants holding a promoter of a sesquiterpene cyclase

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¹H‐NMR metabolomics profiling of recombinant tobacco plants holding a promoter of a sesquiterpene cyclase