Dual‐Ligand Zn‐Based Metal–Organic Framework as Reversible and Stable Anode Material for Next Generation Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have received intensive scientific attention as electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries because of their tailorable physical and chemical properties by incorporating different organic ligands. Herein, a zinc‐based MOF (Zn‐MOF) with a special dual‐ligand system, tris(4‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)phenyl)amine and dihydroxylterepthate, as anode material for lithium‐ion batteries is successfully fabricated. The activated Zn‐MOF based battery delivered a reversible and efficient lithium storage capacity of ≈200 mA h g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 with a 99% Coulombic efficiency over 1000 cycles. The sweep rate cyclic voltammetry and ex situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on the electrode materials at different charging/discharging states reveal that lithium insertion in the organic moiety with a diffusion‐controlled process plays a critical role in the storage mechanism of the Zn‐MOF anode. Further spectroscopic analysis reveals the excellent material stability of dual‐ligand Zn‐MOFs with limited solid–electrolyte interface growth under long‐term charge–discharge operation, which is beneficial for next‐generation battery anodes.

Redox-active polynaphthalimides as versatile electrode materials for high-voltage, high-rate and long-cycle-life organic Li-ion batteries

“…Furthermore, Faraday's law can be applied to estimate the theoretical capacity of TPA-PNI anodes using the following equation: where C represents the theoretical capacity of TPA-PNI, n is the total number of electrons received, F is the Faraday constant (96 485 C mol −1 ), and M is the molecular mass of the repeating unit. 32,69,70 Hence, the theoretical capacity of PNI-1 , PNI-2 , and PNI-3 was estimated to be 1762, 1775, and 1775 mA h g −1 , respectively.…”

Co- and Ni-Based Electroactive Metal–Organic Frameworks for Stable Lithium Storage: Electrochemical and Charge-Storage Behavior in Response to Different Metal Centers

“…The b value can be obtained from the slope of log i versus log v . If the b value is close to 0.5, it suggests that the half-infinite linear diffusion-controlled process dominated in the electrochemical process, and vice versa, when the b value is close to nearly 1, it suggests that the electrochemical process was mostly dominated by the surface-controlled process (capacitive effects). ,− As shown in Figure c, the b value of 2 was found to be 0.7789, slightly lower than that of 1 (0.8825). This indicates that 2 has a higher diffusion-controlled process than 1 .…”

High-performance aramid electrodes for high-rate and long cycle-life organic Li-ion batteries

“…represents the theoretical capacity of DiCN-aramids, n is the total electrons received, F is the Faraday constant (96 485 C mol −1 ), and M is the molecular mass of the repeating unit. 31,56,57 Therefore, the theoretical capacities of DiCN-Tpa, DiCN-Ether, and DiCN-6F were estimated to be nearly 1545, 1577, and 1280 mA h g −1 , respectively. Interestingly, although DiCN-Ether and DiCN-6F received similar amounts of Li-ions, the theoretical capacity of DiCN-6F was found to be the lowest of the other DiCN-aramid anodes.…”