Dual Model Predictive Controlled Hybrid Energy Storage System for Naval DC Microgrids

Abstract

Hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is an effective measure to improve the electrical performance of naval DC microgrids supplying power pulsed loads (PPLs). Coordination control scheme and capacity configuration of the HESS are two key issues to meet multiple control objectives and constraints. In response to the requirements of optimal operation for HESS under various complex scenarios, a dual model predictive control (D-MPC) strategy is proposed for the HESS integrated with the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) and battery in this paper. Firstly, the current reference of battery is obtained through the MPC integrated adaptive low-pass filtering (ALPF). Then the local MPC controller of HESS converter is utilized to track the current reference of battery and SMES as well as the bus voltage reference to achieve transient power allocation of HESS and energy balancing of DC microgrid. Meanwhile, a cost function with adaptive weighting factor is designed to make tradeoff of conflict control objectives. Furthermore, the HESS capacity configuration and superconducting magnet optimal design according to its actual operation condition are presented. Comparative case studies are conducted in HIL experiment to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme in terms of improving system operation performance under various PPLs.

Energy Storage Systems: Technologies and High-Power Applications

“…The authors concluded through a simulation and experiment validation that the fluctuation in DC link voltage was reduced, and the battery and supercapacitor's coordinated function lessened the battery's stress. In [62], a dual model predictive control (D-MPC) technique for a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) coupled with superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) and a battery in naval DC microgrids was used to meet pulsed power demands.…”

“…In such applications, the flexibility and adaptability of an HESS prove instrumental in maintaining grid integrity and ensuring reliable performance, making it an indispensable asset for the evolving landscape of DC microgrids. Several research studies have been conducted to analyze the impact of HESSs on power systems [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71].…”

Model Predictive Control Strategies in Microgrids: A Concise Revisit

“…The MPC tertiary controller analyzes the demand forecast and operational cost data. It develops an ESS dispatch schedule and feeds the output signal to a secondary controller [80]. The secondary control is based on real-time measurements of the active and reactive powers.…”

Novel Current Source Converter for Integrating Multiple Energy Storage Systems

“…A similar employment of SMES for marine power systems was also found in [8], where the authors exploited this storage technology to control the DC bus voltage of a power converter under peak load conditions. A possible application of SMES can also be found in naval DC microgrids, where modelpredictive control strategies for the ESS have been implemented for efficiently managing the available energy, with particular reference to pulsed-power load supply [9].…”