Dupla tarefa e mobilidade funcional de idosos ativos

Abstract

Palavras-chaves:Envelhecimento. Acidentes por Quedas. Tarefa de Controle Duplo. Idoso. ResumoIntrodução: Define-se "dupla tarefa" como a capacidade de efetivar uma ação primordial incorporada a uma segunda atividade. Em idosos, é presumível que a execução de ações simultâneas comprometa o equilíbrio postural, favorecendo quedas nesta população. AbstractIntroduction: Dual task can be defined as the ability to perform a primary action embedded in a second activity. In the elderly, it is presumed that the performance of concurrent actions disturb the postural balance, favoring falls in this population. Aims: To evaluate the effect of dual tasks in functional mobility of active seniors and correlate the time used for its realization with the individual's age. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study with a convenience sample. Nineteen elderly from Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, aged between 60 and 87 years, classified as physically active by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and with a minimum score that reaches 23 points on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were evaluated during 9 sequential tests. The first one required a single task, which was represented by the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test, used to assess functional mobility of seniors. TUG was repeated in all other tests, in which was included a second action -manual activity in two tests and cognitive activity in six tests. Results: The elderly spent longer period performing associated tasks considering both motor and motor-cognitive combined actions when compared with time spent during the simple task. Positive correlation between age and the tests that incorporate cognitive activity to achieve the TUG was established. Conclusion: Physically active seniors require a longer period to perform the dual motor task involving distinct functions and coordinates between the upper limbs, and the same occurs for the performance of motor-cognitive dual tasks. The higher the age, the greater the time to perform double tasks, especially when associated with activities requiring short-term memory.

SPARC Metrics Provide Mobility Smoothness Assessment in Oldest-Old With and Without a History of Falls: A Case Control Study

“…During the dual task TUG, participants followed the same above-mentioned protocol while speaking the days of the week in reverse order (e.g., Wednesday, Tuesday, Monday, Sunday, Saturday, Friday, Thursday, and so on until the test finished). The rationale for choosing this dual task was based on previous research (Barbosa et al, 2008;Fatori et al, 2015;Silva et al, 2017). They were instructed to start speaking, as quickly as-possible, while still sitting.…”

Desempenho em atividades de simples e dupla tarefas de idosos institucionalizados que realizam e não realizam fisioterapia

“…This result is consistent with previous findings, since Iersel et al 19 observed in their study with elders of the community that, by adding motor and cognitive activities, it caused increased step and decreased gait speed. Corroborating results found, the study by Fatori et al 20 shows that individuals who performed the Timed up and Go, which is a standing and walking test associated with a dual task, took more time to perform it compared to the simple test. Speed reduction during dual task performance is an automatic adaptation effect of the body to reduce risk of falls in more complex situations 19 .…”

Desenvolvimento Motor De Idosos: Estudo Comparativo De Sexo E Faixa Etária

“…A associação entre dois fatores, sexo e idade, parece ser um importante determinante para perdas motoras mais acentuadas. A literatura vem demonstrando que o avanço da idade está associado à intensificação destas perdas, tanto relacionadas aos componentes neurológicos como osteomusculares (RUBIO et al, 2013;FATORI et al, 2015 Fatores como alterações hormonais e perdas em componentes físicos, que nas mulheres se iniciam já durante a meia-idade, refletem em um declínio mais acentuado nas funções motoras, tornando-se mais evidentes a partir dos 70 anos. Nos homens, essas alterações aparecem mais tardiamente e, dessa forma, as perdas motoras são menos evidentes quando comparadas às mulheres da mesma faixa etária (ABAD-DIEZ et al, 2014;ALEXANDRE et al, 2014).…”