Duplex ultrasound monitoring of arterial grafts: Prospective evaluation in conjunction with ankle pressure indices after femorodistal bypass

Balloon angioplasty as a treatment of failing infrainguinal autologous vein bypass grafts

“…Improvements in duplex ultrasound scanning technology and increased surveillance of IVB grafts have allowed for the detection of a subset of these bypass grafts that are at risk for thrombosis. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Considerable uncertainty still exists about the optimal management of these threatened bypass grafts. Increased experience with endovascular therapies has lead to the application of balloon angioplasty to the threatened bypass graft, [13][14][15][16][17][18] but the efficacy of this treatment modality when compared with operative techniques, such as patch angioplasty, interposition graft, or replacement graft, remains unclear.…”