Dyadic analysis of self-efficacy and perceived support: The relationship of individual and spousal characteristics with physical activity among middle-aged and young-older adults.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations among self-efficacy, perceived support, and physical activity in middle-aged and older married couples. A total of 116 middle-aged and older couples (M = 58.86 years, SD = 7.16, range 50-74) participated in the study. A dyadic approach to path modeling was taken. The final model indicated that for both husbands and wives, one's own self-efficacy was directly related to physical activity. In addition, husband self-efficacy was positively related to wive physical activity and indirectly related to wife physical activity through wife self-efficacy. Wife self-efficacy was indirectly related to husband physical activity via the level of husband perceived support. These results provide evidence for the importance of incorporating spousal characteristics in addition to individual characteristics when investigating physical activity during middle and later married life.

The Association of Health Literacy with Physical Activity and Nutritional Behavior in Older Adults, and Its Social Cognitive Mediators

“…Adjusting for self-efficacy strongly decreased the association between health literacy and physical activity. This is in line with some previous studies that suggested a pathway from health literacy to physical activity via self-efficacy and knowledge (Osborn et al, 2011), and that self-efficacy is directly associated with physical activity in older adults (Ayotte, Margrett, & Patrick, 2013). Self-efficacy was also suggested to mediate between health literacy and health behaviors in patients in a number of other studies (Bohanny et al, 2013;Osborn, Cavanaugh, Wallston, & Rothman, 2010;, but not all studies support this association (Chen et al, 2014;Colbert et al, 2013).…”

Dyadic Effects of Individual and Friend on Physical Activity in College Students

“…Although other studies based on the APIM (Ayotte et al., ; Cook & Kenny, ) suggest that family support, general health status and depression may be correlated with PA or self‐efficacy for PA, none of these variables was significantly correlated. Individuals' PA was correlated with their own self‐efficacy and relative health status.…”

“…Ayotte et al. () reported no direct partner effects of family support on husbands' PA or wives' PA. Although we found only a one‐sided partner effect of friend support on PA, this result indicated that program designed to improve social support for PA might be helpful to promote friends' of participants' PA, not merely the participants' own PA.…”

“…Ayotte et al. () reported that husbands' self‐efficacy was directly related to wives' PA (β = 0.17, p < .05), while wives' self‐efficacy was not related to husbands' PA. In Ko and Shin's study (), individuals' self‐efficacy was not related to partners' dementia preventive behavior in elderly couples.…”

“…The most frequent application of APIM has been to describe the dyadic effects of husbands and wives on each other in health‐related areas such as social support and quality of life (Thomson, Molloy, & Chung, ) and dementia knowledge/self‐efficacy/depression, and dementia preventive behavior (Ko & Shin, ). We identified only one study that applied APIM to PA: Ayotte, Margrett, and Patrick () reported bidirectional actor effects and partner effects of husbands' and wives' characteristics on both their own and each other's PA. Although many studies have asserted the association between friends' relationships and PA (Kim et al., ; Salvy et al., ; Wallace et al., ), those studies have not examined dyadic effects, including self‐efficacy and social support.…”