Dynamic acromiohumeral interval changes in baseball players during scaption exercises

Acromiohumeral distance measurement in rotator cuff tendinopathy: is there a reliable, clinically applicable method? A systematic review

“…Among the six studies assessing the reliability of using radiographs to measure AHD, four included people with shoulder pain15 33––35 (with two including people with confirmed RC disease15 35) and a further two solely using pain-free participants 36 37. The mean age range of the shoulder pain participants was from 55 to 59 years, while the pain-free groups were in the 20–35 year age range (see online supplementary table S4).…”

An evidence-based review of current perceptions with regard to the subacromial space in shoulder impingement syndromes: Is it important and what influences it?

“…2004, highlights the fact that arm position is a factor in the development of impingement syndrome, not only in sportsmen, but also in the work environment, noting morphological changes detected with MRI in the supraspinatus tendon (Svendsen et al, 2004) in those working overhead for more than 10 years. Research by Thompson et al(Thompson et al, 2011) showed that immediate load application to the arm in scaption reduced the acromiohumeral distance by 11% in heathy baseball players. The same response in the acromio-humeral distance to short term loading was noted by McCreesh et al, 2014(McCreesh et al, 2014in both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects.…”

Glenohumeral joint kinematics measured by intracortical pins, reflective markers, and computed tomography: A novel technique to assess acromiohumeral distance

“…Consequently, the assessment of the acromiohumeral distance has mainly been limited to series of static poses, whereas the majority of shoulder rehabilitation exercises, activities of daily living, and sports activities are dynamic. Since extrapolation of the acromiohumeral distance from static to dynamic condition remains uncertain (Thompson et al, 2011) as muscle contractions affect joint kinematics including especially glenohumeral translations (Bey et al, 2006;Carey et al, 2000), more investigations of the shoulder girdle arthrokinematics are needed under dynamic conditions (Massimini et al, 2012). To the best of our knowledge, only the studies of Bey et al (2007) and Giphart et al (2012) have measured the acromiohumeral distance in 3D under dynamic conditions with high accuracy.…”