Dynamic and Web-Based 4d Visualization of Streetspace Activities Derived From Traffic Simulations and Semantic 3d City Models

Abstract

Abstract. Semantic 3D city models can serve as anchor points for different components of urban digital twins. In addition to static 3D models such as buildings, transportation infrastructure, vegetation, or city furniture, this can also include dynamic processes such as traffic movement or changing traffic signals. Integrating these aspects into a dynamic, realistic, and accessible 4D visualization presents a number of requirements and challenges, which are discussed. While the City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) is a well established OGC standard for modeling and exchanging semantic 3D city models, the Cesium Language (CZML) provides capabilities for visualizing time-dependant properties that can be displayed in the Cesium virtual globe. Results of the open-source microscopic traffic simulation tool SUMO include information on locations and orientations of vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians and other traffic members as well as traffic signal information and can be exported as a CSV table. In order to allow a 4D visualization of these simulation results, a scheme for deriving 3D + t CZML documents from data given as 2D + t CSV files is presented. Additionally, dynamically changing traffic lights are integrated. Based on data available for the city of Munich, a CityGMLcompliant streetspace model is generated. This enables the combination of traffic simulation results and semantic 3D city models within a common Cesium based web-visualization and allows a direct and platform independent access to realistic visualizations of streetspace activities. Since this often results in a huge amount of data, a spatio-temporal tiling strategy enabling the visualization of large CZML data is presented.

Review of driving-behaviour simulation: VISSIM and artificial intelligence approach

“…The elements mentioned above play a critical role in ensuring the models’ reliability when accurately representing local conditions. The validation and calibration of microsimulation models often prioritise the examination of temporal variables [ [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] , [93] , [94] ].…”

Enhancing Realism in Urban Simulations: A Mapping Framework for the German National Standard XPlanung and CityGML

“…Using the CityGML standard, 3D city models have been largely used for different urban simulations that have a spatial context. For instance, simulating the urban spatio-temporal growth [6,15], measuring the impact of urban configurations on energy demand [17], evaluating the energy and environmental impacts of large residential building stocks throughout their life cycle [11], noise pollution [23], and traffic simulation [1]. The potential of urban simulations is increasing especially with the availability of tools that can generate synthetic virtual 3D city models for simulating possible future states of the city [4].…”