Dynamic Entropy of Two-Dimensional Active Brownian Systems in Colloidal Plasmas

Abstract

We analyze the experimental data on the motion of active Brownian micrograins in RF discharge plasmas. In the experiments, two types of microparticles were used: first—plastic grains fully covered with metal, and second—Janus particles with a thin metal cap. We have tracked the trajectories of the separate grains and plotted the pair correlation functions of the observed structures. To examine the motion of the grains, we studied the dependencies of the MFPT dynamic entropy on the coarsening parameter, the fractal dimension of the system on its mean kinetic temperature, and the mean localization area of the grain on its mean kinetic temperature. Based on the obtained results, we conclude that the character of motion of our active Brownian systems changes as the power of an illuminating laser (and, therefore, the mean kinetic temperature of the grains) increases. Janus particles change their trajectories from more chaotic to spiral-like ones; in the case of fully covered particles, we observe the dynamical phase transition from the more ordered structure to the less ordered one.

3D Active Brownian Motion of Single Dust Particles Induced by a Laser in a DC Glow Discharge

“…Self-consistent motion of active particles is usually called active motion. Examples of active particles include some bacteria, mobile cells [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], micro- and nanorobots [ 8 ], active microcatalysts [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], microdroplets in an emulsion [ 12 , 13 ], dust particles in discharge plasma and superfluid helium [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] etc. Active particles can either move independently or demonstrate a collective nature [ 5 , 19 ].…”

“…The mean kinetic energy of active particles can significantly exceed the mean kinetic energy (temperature) of the environment, which indicates a significant nonequilibrium of the process [ 3 ]. The main mechanisms of activity of microparticles are: chemical reactions [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], Marangoni effect [ 12 ], quantum effects [ 18 ], ion drag forces and photophoretic forces in colloidal plasma [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], external electromagnetic fields [ 13 ], etc.…”