Dynamic Features of Short-Range Interaction Force and Adhesion in Solutions

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

“…[276,277]. Also the effect on the sample deformation of maximum load [278], contact time [279], and loading rate [280] have been characterized.…”

“…In fact, short range monotonically repulsive forces observed between inorganic surfaces are probably not only due to structured water layers propagated away from the surfaces, but to the osmotic effect of hydrated ions which are electrostatically trapped between two approaching surfaces [481]. For example the role of adsorbed ions on silica and mica was studied extensively by Vakarelski et al [279,322].…”

The Colloidal Probe Technique and its Application to Adhesion Force Measurements

“…Scanning electron micrographs of the sphere taken after the experiments revealed some plastic deformation of the sphere. Vakarelski et al [67,68] measured the adhesion of a silica particle ($ 3 mm radius) and a mica surface in aqueous medium. For loading forces (F/R) up to 50 mN/m no dependence of adhesion on load was observed in pure water.…”

Fundamentals of Breakage of Aggregates in Fluids

“…Recent measurements of adhesive forces between a plate and a particle with an atomic force microscope (AFM) indicate that the strength of adhesive force depends greatly on the microstructure of the adsorbed layer, even in such a simple solution like electrolyte solution. The characteristics are summarized as follows, and the details are given elsewhere [49,50] Fig. 13.…”