Dynamic flame retardancy of polypropylene filled with ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine additives

Chiu, Shih‐Hsuan; Wang, Wun-Ku

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(97)00492-8

Cited by 210 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Thus phosphorus-based flame retardants in general, react in the condensed phase producing phosphoric acid and/or polyphosphosphoric acid [32] which enhance char forming reactions [22,[27][28][29]. These reactions interrupt the diffusion of oxygen into the system resulting in incomplete combustion [31].…”

Section: (I) Effect Of Phosphorous and Nitrogen Containing Flame Retamentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative study of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide evolution during thermal degradation of flame retarded epoxy resins

Biswas

Kandola

Horrocks

et al. 2007

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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Section: (I) Effect Of Phosphorous and Nitrogen Containing Flame Retamentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative study of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide evolution during thermal degradation of flame retarded epoxy resins

Biswas

Kandola

Horrocks

et al. 2007

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…The heat release rate (HRR), particularly the peak HRR, has been found to be the most important parameter for evaluating fire safety [29,[32][33][34][35]. The flammability properties of flame retardant PP composites have been studied using cone calorimeter.…”

Section: Cone Calorimeter Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effects of iron powder on intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system

Chen¹,

Jiao²,

Wang³

2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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The effects of iron powder as a synergistic agent on the flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene composites (IFR-PP) were studied. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter (CONE) were used to evaluate the synergistic effects of iron powder (Fe). The TGA data showed that Fe could enhance the thermal stability of the IFR-PP systems at high temperature and effectively increase the char residue formation. The CONE results revealed that Fe and IFR could clearly change the decomposition behavior of PP and form a char layer on the surface of the composites, consequently resulting in efficient reduction of the flammability parameters, such as heat release rate (HRR), mass loss (ML), Mass loss rate (MLR), total heat release (THR), carbon monoxide and so on. Thus, a suitable amount of Fe plays a synergistic effect in the flame retardancy of IFR composites

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“…Also, metal hydroxides have been used as flame retardants additives but their high effective loading was attributed to poor dispersion and drawbacks in mechanical properties of polymer composites [9,10]. Furthermore, the use of combination of charring agent, blowing agent, and acid source termed as intumescent flame retardant achieved good flame retardancy of polymer composites and low toxic gas emission [11][12][13]. On the other hand, various aluminosilicates have been used as flame retardants fillers such as montmorillonites [14], halloysite nanotubes [15], and zeolites [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles Decorated on Resin Particles and Their Flame Retardancy Behavior for Polymer Composites

Attia

Zayed

2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

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New nanocomposites have been developed by doping of amberlite IR120 resin with spherical TiO 2 nanoparticles in the presence of maleate diphosphate. Polystyrene composites of resin, maleate diphosphate, and resin-maleate diphosphate were prepared individually. This is in addition to preparation of polymer nanocomposites of polystyrene-resin doped TiO 2 nanoparticles-maleate diphosphate. The flame retardancy and thermal stability properties of these developed polymer composites were evaluated. The inclusion of resin and resin doped nanoparticles improved the fire retardant behavior of polystyrene composites and enhanced their thermal stability. Synergistic behavior between flame retardant, resin, and nanoparticles was detected. The rate of burning of the polymer nanocomposites was recorded as 10.7 mm/min achieving 77% reduction compared to pure polystyrene (46.5 mm/min). The peak heat release rate (PHRR) of the new polymer composites has reduced achieving 46% reduction compared to blank polymer. The morphology and dispersion of nanoparticles on resin and in polymer nanocomposites were characterized using transmission and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The flame retardancy and thermal properties were evaluated using UL94 flame chamber, cone tests, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively.

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Dynamic flame retardancy of polypropylene filled with ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine additives

Cited by 210 publications

References 7 publications

A quantitative study of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide evolution during thermal degradation of flame retarded epoxy resins

A quantitative study of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide evolution during thermal degradation of flame retarded epoxy resins

Synergistic effects of iron powder on intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system

Nanoparticles Decorated on Resin Particles and Their Flame Retardancy Behavior for Polymer Composites

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