Dynamic material flow analysis for Norway's dwelling stock

Abstract

The architecture, engineering and construction industry is a major producer of waste, and a major consumer of primary materials. This study presents a method for analysing the dynamics of both floor area and material use in residential housing. The population's demand for housing represents the driver in the system, and the subsequent effects on stocks and flows of residential floor area and building materials in Norway are investigated from 1900 to the projected demands for 2100. Results show that knowledge about past activity levels is important in projecting future levels. Scenarios are applied to the input parameters in the dynamic model to investigate the impacts of changes in these, including variations in material usage (concrete and wood) and material density. All but one scenario suggest a continued increase in the residential housing stock, although at diminishing growth rates, and a substantial increase in demolition, renovation and construction activity in the last half of the present century.

An ultrametric interpretation of building related event data

“…To name only a few examples from the literature, the first method is probably ubiquitous (where available); the second has been used by Gleeson (1985Gleeson ( , 1986, Johnstone (2001aJohnstone ( , 2001b and by Meinen et al (1998); random sampling was used in Bradley and Kohler (2007) and Kohler et al (1999); and the physical model approach in Bergsdal et al (2007) and Sartori et al (2008).…”

An integrated material metabolism model for stocks of urban road system in Beijing, China

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“…Often it is aimed at studying society's metabolism of certain specific material over time (Bergsdal et al 2007a;Bergsdal et al 2007b) which includes the dynamics between stocks and flows of materials. However it can also be used on an aggregate national level (Rubli and Jungbluth 2005) and also include emissions data (Matthews et al 2000) or input-output data (Kytzia et al 2004).…”