Dynamic Metal Nanoclusters: A Review on Accurate Crystal Structures

Abstract

Dynamic metal nanoclusters have garnered widespread attention due to their unique properties and potential applications in various fields. Researchers have been dedicated to developing new synthesis methods and strategies to control the morphologies, compositions, and structures of metal nanoclusters. Through optimized synthesis methods, it is possible to prepare clusters with precise sizes and shapes, providing a solid foundation for subsequent research. Accurate determination of their crystal structures is crucial for understanding their behavior and designing custom functional materials. Dynamic metal nanoclusters also demonstrate potential applications in catalysis and optoelectronics. By manipulating the sizes, compositions, and surface structures of the clusters, efficient catalysts and optoelectronic materials can be designed and synthesized for various chemical reactions and energy conversion processes. This review summarizes the research progress in the synthesis methods, crystal structure characterization, and potential applications of dynamic metal nanoclusters. Various nanoclusters composed of different metal elements are introduced, and their potential applications in catalysis, optics, electronics, and energy storage are discussed. Additionally, the important role of dynamic metal nanoclusters in materials science and nanotechnology is explored, along with an overview of the future directions and challenges in this field.

Surface-Induced Isomerization in [PtAg20{S2P(OR)2}12] (R = nPr, iPr, iBu) Nanoclusters: Unveiling Shell Variability through X-ray Diffraction

“…It encompasses various categories in organic molecules, such as chain isomerism, where the difference lies in the structure of the carbon backbone; positional isomerism, which involves variations in the location of functional groups along the chain; and functional isomerism, where the type of functional group itself differs . In the context of metal nanoclusters (NCs), structural isomers are defined as clusters with identical compositions but exhibit diverse atomic configurations, significantly affecting their physiochemical properties. ,− The exploration of isomerism within metal NCs presents a significant research challenge, necessitating advanced synthesis and characterization techniques alongside computational methods for structure prediction and property analysis. Understanding these atomically precise structures is crucial for tailoring nanomaterials for catalysis, − photoluminescence, − and biomedical applications, , pushing the boundaries of nanotechnology and materials science.…”