Dynamic model for a heat exchanger tube rupture discharging a high-pressure flashing liquid into a low-pressure liquid-filled shell

Ennis, Claire; Botros, K. K.; Patel, Chintan D

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2010.11.004

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…17. [9] This allows one to determine the change in pressure over time during a tube rupture. For liquidliquid systems, the vapor associated termsṁ tv , ρ tv , V tv , and c tv0 are removed from the equation.…”

Section: Shell Pressurizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Utilities/gas/fuel gas 4 4 Utilities/oil/heat transfer oil 1 1 flashing liquid and accounted for the spatial and temporal aspects of the attached piping system. [9] Furthermore, Botros addressed the importance of accounting for piping systems and specifying appropriate boundary conditions [10]. Cassata et al used commercial transient analysis software to model a tube rupture by performing a series of simulations with the burst occurring at the U bend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic modeling of heat exchanger tube rupture

Harhara

Hasan

2020

BMC Chem Eng

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One fault that occurs with heat exchangers is a tube rupture, an overpressure scenario in which high pressure fluid flows into the low pressure region. It is a serious safety concern that may lead to significant damage. Accurate prediction of the pressure build-up after a rupture is critical to determine the appropriate size of a relief device and avoid exceeding allowable pressure limits. This paper describes a model-based step-by-step methodology to predict dynamic pressure profiles during tube rupture for liquid-liquid, vapor-liquid, and flashing liquid-liquid systems. The transient effects of the relief valve are considered. The effects of choked flow must also be considered for accurate maximum pressure predictions. Using a dimensionless analysis, the pressure ratio and density ratio are shown to significantly impact the severity of this incident. Results show that vapor-liquid systems result in the highest pressure surges.

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Section: Shell Pressurizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic modeling of heat exchanger tube rupture

Harhara

Hasan

2020

BMC Chem Eng

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“…Predicting the exact values of impact loads exerted from fluids on structures is of great importance due to its many applications, for example, in cardiovascular systems [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and industrial flows [8,9]. In particular, simulation of fluid-solid interaction (FSI) between a membrane and two fluids have many applications in petrochemical [10] and aerospace industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, simulation of fluid-solid interaction (FSI) between a membrane and two fluids have many applications in petrochemical [10] and aerospace industries. Better understanding of membrane-fluid interactions helps mitigate failures of heat exchangers [9], fuel cells, ship tankers and aircraft fuel containers, which hinge on fluid pressure difference on the sides of membranes. Due to complex nature of FSI, progress in developing effective numerical methods have been slow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Hydrodynamically Dominated Membrane Rupture, Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics–Finite Element Method

Asadi

Taeibi-Rahni

Akbarzadeh

et al. 2019

Fluids

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The rupturing process of a membrane, located between two fluids at the center of a three-dimensional channel, is numerically investigated. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and the finite element method (FEM) are used, respectively, for modeling the fluid and solid phases. A range of pressure differences and membrane thicknesses are studied and two different rupturing processes are identified. These processes differ in the time scale of the rupture, the location of the rupture initiation, the level of destruction and the driving mechanism.

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“…Considerable theoretical work has been done to predict the behavior of liquid filled systems in response to tube breakage (Perez Muñoz et al, 2011;Ennis et al, 2011;Urdaneta, Oude, 2015). These analyses have been based upon theoretical, instantaneous, complete ruptures of exchanger tubes and use of dynamic models based upon liquid transient equations.…”

Section: Heat Exchanger Tube Rupturementioning

confidence: 99%

Safety life cycle analysis applied to the engineering of pressure relief valves in process plants

Basco Montia

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Chemical plants and other industrial installations process and store hazardous materials, which represent a certain risk to people, equipment and the environment. Overpressure is one of the most common upsets in process plants and relief devices (pressure relief valves, rupture discs, overpressure-vacuum valves) are required on process equipment to prevent internal pressures from rising to levels, which could cause catastrophic equipment failure. They are the ultimate line of protection against equipment rupture and are therefore extremely critical safety elements. However, this criticality is not always accounted for in existing plants and in the engineering of new ones, as a lot of pressure relief systems audits performed recently, especially in US, have demonstrated. As an example, a 2014 report from Siemens Energy, Inc. of Houston, pointed out that, after performing 1,197 pressure relief systems audits between 2005 and 2014, consisting of 174,943 pieces of equipment and 80,372 pressure relief devices, 47% of the relief devices had a deficiency, e.g. 13,4% were undersized. In another statistical study focused on the maintenance process of pressure relief valves conducted in 1995 and based on 13,000 items inspected in the workshop, it was found that 18% of the valves only opened at a pressure higher than 110% of the set pressure and 3% did not open at a pressure of twice the set pressure. Therefore, it is clear that a methodology for increasing the reliability of pressure relief devices would be very useful. A new methodology has been developed in this thesis based on an extension of the safety life cycle concept developed for the safety instrumented systems, according to the IEC 61511. This new methodology covers all the steps of the life cycle of a pressure relief valve: a) risk analysis; b) safety requirements specification; c) design; d) reception, installation and checking; e) operation, maintenance and revision; f) management of change; g) decommissioning h) verification and i) documentation and technical audits. This methodology has been applied to three existing petrochemical plants, obtaining results that validate it as a useful tool in the target of increasing the reliability of pressure relief valves. Les plantes químiques i altres instal·lacions industrials processen i emmagatzemen materials perillosos, els quals representen risc per les persones, per els equips i per el medi ambient. La sobrepressió es una de les pertorbacions mes freqüents en les plantes de procés i els dispositius d’alleugeriment de pressió (vàlvules de seguretat, discs de trencament, vàlvules de sobrepressió-buit) són necessaris per prevenir que les pressions internes dels equips a pressió arribin a nivells, que puguin ocasionar la ruptura catastròfica del mateix. Aquests dispositius són l’ultima capa de protecció abans de la ruptura del equip i són, per tant, elements de seguretat molt crítics. Malauradament, aquesta criticitat no se la te sempre en compte en les plantes existents, ni tampoc en la enginyeria i construcció de plantes noves, com moltes auditories de sistemes d’alleugeriment de pressió realitzades recentment, especialment als Estats Units, han demostrat. Per exemple, un informe de Siemens Energy, Inc. de Houston del any 2014, indicava que després de haver realitzat 1197 auditories dels sistemes d'alleugeriment de pressió entre l'any 2005 i 2014, consistint en 174943 equips i 80373 dispositius d’alleugeriment de pressió, un 47% dels dispositius tenien una deficiència, per exemple, 13,4% estaven subdimensionats. En un altre estudi estadístic focalitzat en el manteniment de vàlvules de seguretat realitzat a l’any 1995 i basat en 13000 vàlvules inspeccionades al taller, es va trobar que el 18 % nomes obrien a una pressió mes alta que el 110% de la pressió de tarat i un 3% no obrien ni a una pressió del doble de la tarat. En conseqüència, esta clar que una metodologia per incrementar la fiabilitat dels dispositius d'alleugeriment de pressió seria molt útil. Una nova metodologia s’ha desenvolupat en aquesta tesi basada en una extensió del concepte del cicle de vida de seguretat funcional desenvolupat originalment per els sistemes instrumentats de seguretat, d’acord amb la IEC 61511. Aquesta nova metodologia avarca totes les etapes del cicle de vida d’una vàlvula de seguretat: a) anàlisi del risc, b) especificació dels requisits de seguretat, c) disseny, d) recepció, instal·lació i comprovació, e) operació, manteniment i revisió, f) gestió del canvi, g) donar de baixa h) verificació i i) documentació i auditoria tècnica. Aquesta nova metodologia ha estat aplicada a tres plantes petroquímiques existents, obtenint resultats que la validen com una eina útil per l’objectiu de augmentar la fiabilitat de les vàlvules de seguretat

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Dynamic model for a heat exchanger tube rupture discharging a high-pressure flashing liquid into a low-pressure liquid-filled shell

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Dynamic modeling of heat exchanger tube rupture

Dynamic modeling of heat exchanger tube rupture

Investigation of Hydrodynamically Dominated Membrane Rupture, Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics–Finite Element Method

Safety life cycle analysis applied to the engineering of pressure relief valves in process plants

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