Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Low‐Carbon Steel during the Flexible Rolling Process: Modeling and Characterization

Liu, Caiyi; Mapelli, Carlo; Peng, Yan; Barella, Silvia; Liang, Shicheng; Gruttadauria, Andrea; Belfi, Marco

doi:10.1002/srin.202100490

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The difference in work hardening rate between the first-pass and second-pass deformation increases as the deformation temperature drops. It can be attributed to the poor development of the dynamic softening and static softening processes at low temperatures [31,32].…”

Section: Work Hardening Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of static softening process and its effects on work hardening characteristics of a typical high strength steel during multi-pass deformation

Zhao,

Lu,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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Heavy components of 300M steel are usually manufactured by multi-pass forging. It is necessary to study the flow characteristics of 300M steel during multi-pass deformation, which helps to regulate the flow behaviors during the actual forging process. In the study, multi-pass compression experiments are conducted on the Gleeble-3500 device to mimic the forging process of 300M steel. Results show that the deformation parameters and inter-pass holding parameters can affect the work hardening rate significantly. It can be ascribed to coupling effects of dynamic softening and static softening behaviors. A unified static softening kinetics model is established to evaluate the coupling effects of static recovery, static recrystallization, and metadynamic recrystallization on the static softening behaviors. The established static softening kinetics model shows high prediction accuracy with a reliability of 0.99605. Furthermore, a new constitutive model is established to describe the effects of dynamic softening and static softening on the flow stress during multi-pass deformation. The prediction accuracy of the new constitutive model is 0.98897 with a mean absolute error of 4.075%, which demonstrates that the established constitutive model is reliable.

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Section: Work Hardening Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of static softening process and its effects on work hardening characteristics of a typical high strength steel during multi-pass deformation

Zhao,

Lu,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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“…The degree of strain has a significant impact on stress, as apparent in work hardening and dynamic softening accompanied by strain. [17,18] Strain compensation must be taken into account to obtain a more accurate and precise prediction of flow stress. Currently, the most commonly used method is to establish polynomials of material constants (α, n, Q, and A) and strain levels.…”

Section: The Modified Arrhenius-type Constitutive Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified Arrhenius‐Type Constitutive Model and its Implementation by Means of the Safe Version of Newton–Raphson Method

Liang

Kong

Zhang

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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Arrhenius‐type constitutive models are widely used in thermomechanical processing due to their ease of parameter calibration and ability to track the deformation behavior with various materials. Herein, a modified Arrhenius model is proposed, and the model is implemented in the finite element (FE) simulation to improve the simulation accuracy. The VUMAT Fortran subroutine of the model is established for the commercial nonlinear FE software Abaqus/Explicit based on an implicit time integration scheme and the radial return mapping algorithms. A root‐finding method called the safe version of Newton–Raphson method is applied to calculate the plastic corrector term. The efﬁciency and accuracy of both analytical and numerical methods are evaluated for calculating the derivatives in this algorithm. The implementation of the user‐defined modified Arrhenius‐type material model is successfully applied to a thermal–mechanical coupling FE model for the hot rolling of heavy steel plate. The goal optimization function is used to calibrate the material parameters for the model. The plastic strain field and temperature field are in accordance with the theoretical derivation and experimental results. It provides valuable references for characterizing and optimizing thermomechanical processing.

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“…The most commonly used methods for the physical modelling of rolling processes are the compression test [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ] and the torsion test [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. These methods, despite the dynamic development of the laboratory equipment, have some limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Methodology for Physical Modelling of Multi-Pass Wire Rod Rolling with the Use of a Variable Strain Scheme

Laber

2023

Materials

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This paper presents the results of physical modelling of the process of multi-pass rolling of a wire rod with controlled, multi-stage cooling. The main goal of this study was to verify the possibility of using a torsion plastometer, which allows conducting tests on multi-sequence torsion, tensile, compression and in the so-called complex strain state to physically replicate the actual technological process. The advantage of the research methodology proposed in this paper in relation to work published so far, is its ability to replicate the entire deformation cycle while precisely preserving the temperature of the deformed material during individual stages of the reproduced technological process and its ability to quickly and accurately determine selected mechanical properties during a static tensile test. Changes in the most important parameters of the process (strain, strain rate, temperature, and yield stress) were analyzed for each variant. After physical modelling, the material was subjected to metallographic and hardness tests. Then, on the basis of mathematical models and using measurements of the average grain size, chemical composition, and hardness, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and plasticity reserve were determined. The scope of the tests also included determining selected mechanical properties during a static tensile test. The obtained results were verified by comparing to results obtained under industrial conditions. The best variant was a variant consisting of physically replicating the rolling process in a bar rolling mill as multi-sequence non-free torsion; the rolling process in an NTM block (no twist mill) as non-free continuous torsion, with the total strain equal to the actual strain occurring at this stage of the technological process; and the rolling process in an RSM block (reducing and sizing mill) as tension, while maintaining the total strain value in this block. The differences between the most important mechanical parameters determined during a static tensile test of a wire rod under industrial conditions and the material after physical modelling were 1.5% for yield strength, approximately 6.1% for ultimate tensile strength, and approximately 4.1% for the relative reduction of the area in the fracture and plasticity reserve.

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Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Low‐Carbon Steel during the Flexible Rolling Process: Modeling and Characterization

Cited by 6 publications

References 79 publications

Quantification of static softening process and its effects on work hardening characteristics of a typical high strength steel during multi-pass deformation

Quantification of static softening process and its effects on work hardening characteristics of a typical high strength steel during multi-pass deformation

A Modified Arrhenius‐Type Constitutive Model and its Implementation by Means of the Safe Version of Newton–Raphson Method

Innovative Methodology for Physical Modelling of Multi-Pass Wire Rod Rolling with the Use of a Variable Strain Scheme

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