“… 20 first introduced the complex
-symmetric potentials in the NLS model such that some novel phenomena with stable modes were found. After that, a variety of distinguishing
-symmetric or non-
-symmetric potentials were introduced to the continuous or discrete NLS equations to explore dynamical behaviors of
-symmetric nonlinear modes (see, e.g., refs 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 and references therein). Meanwhile, more and more physical experiments have also been designed to observe new wave phenomena in the sense of non-Hermitian
-symmetric potentials 43 44 45 46 47 48 .…”