Dynamically controlled fibrillation under combination of ionic liquid with mechanical grinding

Abstract

Combination of mortar grinder mill (MG) and ionic liquid (IL) treatment was employed in order to fibrillate fibers from oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) in one-step. The structural changes of OPMF before and after the treatment were examined by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectra, Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Compared with the only use of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM[BF 4 ]), combination of MG and IL helped to remove hemicellulose and lignin components partially from OPMF, and also fibrillated OPMF fibers at average particle diameter of 127 nm. Afterwards, the fibrillated fibers were utilized as reinforcement material for the purpose of enhancement of mechanical properties of poly(E-caprolactone)(PCL). The addition of OPMF treated with the combined method led to a 64% increase in tensile strength in comparison with that of untreated OPMF. These results indicate that the combined method enables effective fibrillation.

Simple Manufacture of Surface-Modified Nanolignocellulose Fiber via Vapor-Phase-Assisted Surface Polymerization

“…In our previous study, we reported that the combination treatment (M-IL) on OPMF also alters the fiber diameter (127 nm), and when ionic liquid dissolves some components of OPMF, the magnetic grinder pulverizes the fiber at the same time. 19 Here, in the case of treatment of [OPMF-VASP], it was reported that the same pulverization effect of the magnetic grinder on the grafted OPMF fibers also provided fibrillation (105 nm). It was expected that the agglomeration of the product particles was inhibited during the wet mortar grinding in the presence of ionic liquid when compared to dry mortar grinding, 20 since the ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium fluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]), facilitates to break down the possible hydrogen bonding among the grafted lignocellulosic components through its poorly coordinated ions.…”

Well-Dispersed Cellulose Nanofiber in Low Density Polyethylene Nanocomposite by Liquid-Assisted Extrusion

“…Tensile and flexural tests of the nanocomposite specimens were conducted using a compact tensile and compression tester IMC-18E0 (Imoto Machinery Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). The tensile properties consisted of tensile strength, Young's modulus, toughness and elongation at break were evaluated from stress-strain curves measured at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min [24]. The flexural test was performed according to ASTM D790 on rectangular standard samples with dimension size of 120 mm × 12.7 mm and 3 mm thickness.…”

The Relationship between Crystal Structure and Mechanical Performance for Fabrication of Regenerated Cellulose Film through Coagulation Conditions

“…However, these polymers have limited thermal stability, mechanical strength, and low degradation rate [10][11][12]. In addition to biodegradable polymers, polymer materials filled with lignocellulosic materials as renewable reinforcements have also been studied extensively [13][14][15][16][17]. Despite the significant advantages of lignocellulosic materials as filler, these polymer composites cannot still be considered sustainable materials.…”