Dynamics and spectroscopy of infrared-to-visible upconversion in erbium-doped cesium cadmium bromide (CsCdBr3:Er3

Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems

“…Special attention has been devoted to the investigation of upconversion-induced luminescence, 1,2 partly because of the availability of near-infrared pump sources for the excitation of visible luminescence [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and laser emission [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] and partly because these mechanisms can introduce a loss channel for devices emitting in the infrared region. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] The two most common excitation processes that lead to emission from energy states higher than the terminating state of the first pump-absorption step are energy-transfer upconversion ͑ETU͒ and pump excited-state absorption ͑ESA͒.…”

Upconversion spectroscopy and properties of NaYF4 doped with , and/or

“…Most of these materials are low phonon-energy halide host-lattices [1,[13][14][15] or glassy hosts [16][17][18][19], both with trivalent rare earth ions present as dopants. Already for quite some time, the NaYF 4 host lattice has been widely recognized as one of the most efficient upconversion lattices [20,21].…”

Control of green and red upconversion in NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanoparticles by excitation modulation

“…This treatment builds upon lanthanide luminescence analysis presented elsewhere. 17,18 First, we assume that back energy transfer and excited state absorption (ESA) effects are negligible. Weak transitions and those that occur rapidly, such as 4 F 7/2 → 4 S 3/2 , are neglected, and transitions that would populate 4 F 7/2 are instead listed as population routes for 4 S 3/2 .…”