Dynamics of dilative slope failure

You, Yi; Flemings, Peter B.; Mohrig, David

doi:10.1130/g32855.1

Cited by 25 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As expected for soft materials, sedimentation dynamics are strongly influenced by thermal [97,98] effects and interparticle attraction/repulsion [98,99]. One example is turbidity currents: the upper boundary forms by sedimentation; however, this interface evolves due to both mixing/settling within the current, and de-stabilizing fluid shear at the boundary [47,[71][72][73] (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Classification Of Geophysical Flowsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A related rigidity transition in dense suspensions is discontinuous shear thickening, which has been suggested to result from a stress-driven transition from lubricated to frictional granular contacts [130,131]. Research has already shown that the solid-liquid transition in geophysical flows is dependent on volume fraction [73,132], shear stress [49,70], and lubrication [105,133]; concepts from jamming should therefore be readily applicable to Earth materials [37]. Yet, it is unclear whether Earth-surface materials actually jam.…”

Section: Soft Matter Concepts In Earth Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viewing Earth’s surface as a soft-matter landscape

Jerolmack

Daniels

2019

Nat Rev Phys

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The Earth's surface is composed of a staggering diversity of particulate-fluid mixtures: dry to wet, dilute to dense, colloidal to granular, and attractive to repulsive particles. This material variety is matched by the range of relevant stresses and strain rates, from laminar to turbulent flows, and steady to intermittent forcing, leading to anything from rapid and catastrophic landslides to the slow relaxation of soil and rocks over geologic timescales. Geophysical flows sculpt landscapes, but also threaten human lives and infrastructure. From a physics point of view, virtually all Earth and planetary landscapes are composed of soft matter, in the sense they are both deformable and sensitive to collective effects. Geophysical materials, however, often involve compositions and flow geometries that have not yet been examined in physics. In this review we explore how a soft-matter perspective has helped to illuminate, and even predict, the rich dynamics of Earth materials and their associated landscapes. We also highlight some novel phenomena of geophysical flows that challenge, and will hopefully inspire, more fundamental work in soft matter.

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Section: Classification Of Geophysical Flowsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Soft Matter Concepts In Earth Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viewing Earth’s surface as a soft-matter landscape

Jerolmack

Daniels

2019

Nat Rev Phys

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“…Since the water is usually very clear at Amity Point, the shear failure of wedges of sand under the water table has also been clearly observed in natural RBF events as they reach the shoreline. This is known as 'dual mode failure' [44,45].…”

Section: Rbf Events In Queensland Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Watching the Beach Steadily Disappearing: The Evolution of Understanding of Retrogressive Breach Failures

Mastbergen

Beinssen

Nédélec

2019

JMSE

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Retrogressive breach failures or coastal flow slides occur naturally in the shoreface in fine sands near dynamic tidal channels or rivers. They sometimes retrogress into beaches, shoal margins and riverbanks where they can threaten infrastructure and cause severe coastal erosion and flood risk. Ever since the first reports were published in the Netherlands over a century ago, attempts have been made to understand the geo-mechanical mechanism of flow slides. In this paper we have established that events, observed during the active phase, are characterized by a slow but steady retrogression into the shoreline, often continuing for many hours. This can be explained by the breaching mechanism, as will be clarified in this paper. Recently, further evidence has become available in the form of video footage of active events in Australia and elsewhere, often publicly posted on the internet. All these observations justify the new term 'retrogressive breach failure' (RBF event). The mechanism has been confirmed in flume tests and in a field experiment. With a better understanding of the geo-mechanical mechanism, current protection methods can be better understood, and new defense strategies can be envisaged. In writing this paper, we hope that the coastal science and engineering communities will better recognize and understand these intriguing natural events.

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“…This line of reasoning would suggest that submarine mass failures are quasiperiodic in time (Griffi ths, 1993). The relationship between variable sedimentation rate, pore pressures, and slope failures, however, is complex (Stigall and Dugan, 2010;You et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Estimation of submarine mass failure probability from a sequence of deposits with age dates

Geist¹,

Chaytor²,

Parsons³

et al. 2013

Geosphere

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The empirical probability of submarine mass failure is quantifi ed from a sequence of dated mass-transport deposits. Several different techniques are described to estimate the parameters for a suite of candidate probability models. The techniques, previously developed for analyzing paleoseismic data, include maximum likelihood and Type II (Bayesian) maximum likelihood methods derived from renewal process theory and Monte Carlo methods. The estimated mean return time from these methods, unlike estimates from a simple arithmetic mean of the center age dates and standard likelihood methods, includes the effects of age-dating uncertainty and of open time intervals before the fi rst and after the last event. The likelihood techniques are evaluated using Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) and Akaike's Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC) to select the optimal model. The techniques are applied to mass transport deposits recorded in two Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) drill sites located in the Ursa Basin, northern Gulf of Mexico. Dates of the deposits were constrained by regional bio-and magnetostratigraphy from a previous study. Results of the analysis indicate that submarine mass failures in this location occur primarily according to a Poisson process in which failures are independent and return times follow an exponential distribution. However, some of the model results suggest that submarine mass failures may occur quasi peri odically at one of the sites (U1324). The suite of techniques described in this study provides quantitative probability estimates of submarine mass failure occurrence, for any number of deposits and age uncertainty distributions.

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Dynamics of dilative slope failure

Cited by 25 publications

References 43 publications

Viewing Earth’s surface as a soft-matter landscape

Viewing Earth’s surface as a soft-matter landscape

Watching the Beach Steadily Disappearing: The Evolution of Understanding of Retrogressive Breach Failures

Estimation of submarine mass failure probability from a sequence of deposits with age dates

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