Dynamics of key plant nutrients (N & P) in hokersar, a typical wetland of Kashmir Himalaya, India

Abstract

Hokersar wetland suffers highly due by nutrient inputs from the catchment area, internal wetland processes and various types of anthropogenic pressures around. To characterize nutrient dynamics of the wetland, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) samples were collected from six study sites in the Queen wetland of Kashmir Himalaya for a period of one year from Sep. 2012 to Aug. 2013. Clear spatial and temporal variations were observed among the recorded parameters (ammonical nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total orthophosphate phosphorus and total phosphorus) throughout the year. Ammonical nitrogen concentration was found to be maximum in winter (242.3±10.1 µg/L). Lower nitrate nitrogen was observed in summer, recording 259.6±35.3 µg/L. Both the forms of phosphorus registered higher values in summer and lower values in winter. Scatter plot showed highly significant values among all the parameters (R²=0.748 and 0.719). Principal component analysis showed highest principle component vector displacement among the sites IV and VI reflecting polluted nature of the sites. Further, higher Eigen-vector displacement values were due to ammonical nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, registering values 3.36724 and 0.542639 respectively. Similarity matrix was highest between total phosphorus and ammonical nitrogen (92.9666%), followed by ammonical nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen making 58.5729%.

Physico-chemical limnology of a shallow lake in the floodplains of western Himalaya from last four decades: present status

“…Water is a requisite medium between varied factors that plays a decisive role in wetland ecology and the quality and management of water is a fundamental part for wetland conservation. Further, the importance of water for aquatic life as the fulcrum of biochemical metabolism rests on its physical and chemical properties (Shah et al 2015; Bhateria and Jain 2016; Falah and Haghizadeh 2017).…”

“…The wetland is fed by two inlet streams, Doodhganga from east and Sukhnag Nalla from west. The excess water is drained out through an outlet gate known as Needle-Gate on the north-west of the wetland near the village Sozieth, having a weir and lock system, which regulates the water level to provide a better habitat for migratory waterfowl during winter (Shah et al 2015) (Fig. 1).…”

“…Nature gave us with a variety of environments. Among those wetlands are the most beneficial to both aquatic as well human lives as they abate pollution by acting as sponges to major plant nutrients (Shah et al 2015). Because of increase in population, urbanization and modernization wetlands are under the threat of extinction (Bhateria and Jain 2016).…”

Adsorption of inorganic ions from aqueous solutions using mineral sorbent - tripoli

“…The adsorption isotherm data were analyzed in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms (figure 5). Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms are the most widely used models for solid-liquid adsorption [4][5][6]. Based on the values of the correlation coefficients, it can be inferred that the equilibrium adsorption data were better described by the Langmuir adsorption model.…”

“…Nevertheless, they cannot be used to reduce concentrations of these ions to permissible levels. Nowadays sorption method is generally given preference over other water purification techniques due to its high efficiency, easy handling; besides, it is environmentally friendly [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Literature review [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] showed that mineral sorbents are cheap and available material capable to remove heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater.…”