Dynamics of Xanthophyll-Cycle Activity in Different Antenna Subcomplexes in the Photosynthetic Membranes of Higher Plants (The Relationship between Zeaxanthin Conversion and Nonphotochemical Fluorescence Quenching)

Färber, Andreas; Young, Andrew; Ruban, Alexander V.; Horton, Peter; Jahns, Peter

doi:10.1104/pp.115.4.1609

Cited by 206 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The pigment composition of isolated samples was determined by reversephase HPLC according to the method of Faber et al (41). Standard absorption spectra were measured using an SLM DW2000 spectrophotometer as described previously (35).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functional Significance of the Monomeric and Trimeric States of the Photosystem II Light Harvesting Complexes

2003

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The main light harvesting complex of photosystem II in plants, LHCII, exists in a trimeric state. To understand the biological significance of trimerization, a comparison has been made been LHCII trimers and LHCII monomers prepared by treatment with phospholipase. The treatment used caused no loss of chlorophyll, but there was a difference in carotenoid composition, together with the previously observed alterations in absorption spectrum. It was found that, when compared to monomers, LHCII trimers showed increased thermal stability and a reduced structural flexibility as determined by the decreased rate and amplitude of fluorescence quenching in low-detergent concentration. It is suggested that LHCII should be considered as having two interacting domains: the lutein 1 domain, the site of fluorescence quenching [Wentworth et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 21845-21850], and the lutein 2 domain. The lutein 2 domain faces the interior of the trimer, the differences in absorption spectrum and carotenoid binding in trimers compared to monomers indicating that the trimeric state modulates the conformation of this domain. It is suggested that the lutein 2 domain controls the conformation of the lutein 1 domain, thereby providing allosteric control of fluorescence quenching in LHCII. Thus, the pigment configuration and protein conformation in trimers is adapted for efficient light harvesting and enhanced protein stability. Furthermore, trimers exhibit the optimum level of control of energy dissipation by modulating the development of the quenched state of the complex.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functional Significance of the Monomeric and Trimeric States of the Photosystem II Light Harvesting Complexes

2003

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“…Because the adaxial side of the leaf is that which is exposed to the highest light intensity, it is not immediate to reconcile the expression pattern of Lhcb7 in the leaf with the protein's predicted light-harvesting function in light-limiting conditions. Alternatively, Lhcb7 could function in nonphotochemical quenching to dissipate energy under conditions where the absorbed light exceeds the electron transfer capacities of the thylakoid complexes contributing to primary photochemistry (Szabo et al, 2005), and a similar function has indeed already been suggested for Lhcb4, Lhcb5, and Lhcb6 (Farber et al, 1997;Dall'Osto et al, 2005). Carbon dioxide fixation is proportional to light intensity, but Rubisco content and carbon fixation at the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of the leaf are comparable (Nishio et al, 1993;Sun and Nishio, 2001).…”

Section: Uniqueness and Redundancy Among Rbcs And Lhc Expression Pattmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique and Overlapping Expression Patterns among Members of Photosynthesis-Associated Nuclear Gene Families in Arabidopsis

et al. 2008

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Light provides crucial positional information in plant development, and the morphogenetic processes that are orchestrated by light signals are triggered by changes of gene expression in response to variations in light parameters. Control of expression of members of the RbcS and Lhc families of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes by light cues is a paradigm for lightregulated gene transcription, but high-resolution expression profiles for these gene families are lacking. In this study, we have investigated expression patterns of members of the RbcS and Lhc gene families in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) at the cellular level during undisturbed development and upon controlled interference of the light environment. Members of the RbcS and Lhc gene families are expressed in specialized territories, including root tip, leaf adaxial, abaxial, and epidermal domains, and with distinct chronologies, identifying successive stages of leaf mesophyll ontogeny. Defined spatial and temporal overlap of gene expression fields suggest that the light-harvesting and photosynthetic apparatus may have a different polypeptide composition in different cells and that such composition could change over time even within the same cell.

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“…Previous work with spinach (Spinacia oleracea) involved IEF analysis of wild-type thylakoids treated to accumulate zeaxanthin (Ruban et al, 1994;Fä rber et al, 1997), and yet no report of a pI-shifted CP26 was made. We think this is probably due to the use of different procedures: in earlier work, direct IEF of detergent solubilized membranes was applied, whereas this work includes enrichment of the sample before IEF by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation.…”

Section: Is Ph-independent Quenching Restricted To Cp26?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mechanism of Nonphotochemical Energy Dissipation, Independent from PsbS, Revealed by a Conformational Change in the Antenna Protein CP26

2005

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The regulation of light harvesting in higher plant photosynthesis, defined as stress-dependent modulation of the ratio of energy transfer to the reaction centers versus heat dissipation, was studied by means of carotenoid biosynthesis mutants and recombinant light harvesting complexes (LHCs) with modified chromophore binding. The npq2 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, blocked in the biosynthesis of violaxanthin and thus accumulating zeaxanthin, was shown to have a lower fluorescence yield of chlorophyll in vivo and, correspondingly, a higher level of energy dissipation, with respect to the wildtype strain and npq1 mutant, the latter of which is incapable of zeaxanthin accumulation. Experiments on purified thylakoid membranes from all three mutants showed that the major source of the difference between the npq2 and wild-type preparations was a change in pigment to protein interactions, which can explain the lower chlorophyll fluorescence yield in the npq2 samples. Analysis of the xanthophyll binding LHC proteins showed that the Lhcb5 photosystem II subunit (also called CP26) undergoes a change in its pI upon binding of zeaxanthin. The same effect was observed in wild-type CP26 upon treatment that leads to the accumulation of zeaxanthin in the membrane and was interpreted as the consequence of a conformational change. This hypothesis was confirmed by the analysis of two recombinant proteins obtained by overexpression of the Lhcb5 apoprotein in Escherichia coli and reconstitution in vitro with either violaxanthin or zeaxanthin. The V and Z containing pigment-protein complexes obtained by this procedure showed different pIs and high and low fluorescence yields, respectively. These results confirm that LHC proteins exist in multiple conformations, an idea suggested by previous spectroscopic measurements ( Moya et al., 2001), and imply that the switch between the different LHC protein conformations is activated by the binding of zeaxanthin to the allosteric site L2. The results suggest that the quenching process induced by the accumulation of zeaxanthin contributes to qI, a component of NPQ whose origin was previously poorly understood.

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Dynamics of Xanthophyll-Cycle Activity in Different Antenna Subcomplexes in the Photosynthetic Membranes of Higher Plants (The Relationship between Zeaxanthin Conversion and Nonphotochemical Fluorescence Quenching)

Cited by 206 publications

References 33 publications

The Functional Significance of the Monomeric and Trimeric States of the Photosystem II Light Harvesting Complexes

The Functional Significance of the Monomeric and Trimeric States of the Photosystem II Light Harvesting Complexes

Unique and Overlapping Expression Patterns among Members of Photosynthesis-Associated Nuclear Gene Families in Arabidopsis

A Mechanism of Nonphotochemical Energy Dissipation, Independent from PsbS, Revealed by a Conformational Change in the Antenna Protein CP26

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